MATHORIGINS.COM

AARS: organization

This developing website will display examples of pre-dynastic Saharan art:

http://digilander.iol.it/aars/

ABAA: association

ABAA=Antiquarian Booksellers’ Association of America, Incorporated.

[B_332;HOUSE]CATNYP# JFK 89-252 2000; Membership Directory.

New York, Antiquarian Booksellers’ Association of America

See BOOKS [OXBOW]
[B_332;alt] See 2002 catalog from Munshiram Publishers.

Selling: [B_559]; BUDDHA

ABACUS: counting boards

See SALAMIS;
See UHN:
p. 125, suan pan=Chinese ABACUS,
p. 140: ABACUS and more
gesdab-dim mu=[SUMERIAN] wooden-tablet-for-accounts
su-me-ek-ku-u=[SUMERIAN] wood-hand-rule-read.
p. 201 SALAMIS table in fig. 16.73 ~450 BCE
this item measures 149 cm x 75 cm! Some of these inscribed lines are spaced in 25 cm multiples; see CUBITS; METROLOGY (inductive)
p. 290: RUSSIAN ABACUS=SCHOTY fig. 21.78
p. 293: fig 21.86 CHINESE SUAN PAN=ABACUS
p. 294: JAPANESE SOROBAN fig. 21.87-8
P. 562: See Mesopotamian "board of sand" [arabic] "takht al turab" AKA [persian] "takhta-yi khak"
p. 588: FIBONACCI'S LIBER ABACI means "Book of the Abacus";
p. 591: woodcut image from Freiburg 1503; shows a similar ABACUS to the table of SALAMIS.;

ABBOTT (with AMBRAS, AMHERST): (hieratic, AE) papyri

(as per Thomas Eric Peet) About AE Guards on trial for Tomb Robberies.

[B_041a, 041b,PIX r05.1] See transcriptions in CATNYP# *OBQ+++(Peet, T.E.), Volume two "Great Tomb Robberies of the Twentieth Egyptian Dynasty",1930, Oxford.

Volume one contains a translation of:

ABBOTT=B.M. 10221

AMBRAS

AMHERST=B.M.10054

MAYER Papyri.

See this link to Abbott (Tomb Robberies) Papyri.

http://www.emory.edu/CARLOS/ODYSSEY/EGYPT/hieratic.html

[B_042,refs,IGNR,no copy] CATNYP# *ZO-*OBKG p.v.4,no.2 Papyrus Abbott Microform, Lauth, Franz Joseph. Munich 1971. This Microform is poorly produced from a badly damaged text!

Also includes: Berlin XI, Turin, Louvre 3092;5450;3145;3080.

Another work [?] by F. Lauth on this spool refers to the Munchner Ostracon and includes the familiar image of the Ramses IV Tomb papyrus.

http://www.netgroup.it/SPAZIO/progettare/Projeg.htm

See alsoTURIN.

(as per F.J. Lauth) Pursue the following keywords or works/Authors:

A. "Rituel Funeraire de Pamonth" [B_090,IGNR,BOTD] Demotic, by Eugene Revillout, Paris 1880.

B. Paul Guieysse on funerary papyri?

C. Mallet [Dominique?] with/by Maspero, G.

D. Lepsius. Melanges.

E. Pierret, P. See LOUVRE and NEB-QED.

F. Neb-Qed Papyrus.

G. Oppert, Jules. See OPPERT.

[B_043,IGNR,TRNC only,no copy] CATNYP#OBR+ (Maspero, G.C.C. Enquete Judiciaire a Thebes) Maspero, Gaston [1846-1916]

"Une enquete judiciare a Thebes au temps de la XXe dynastie: etude sur la papyrus Abbott", Paris 1871.

(as per E. G. Turner) Seek “The Amherst Papyri…of…Lord Amherst of Hackney” ed by B. P. Grenfell and A. S. Hunt, London, 1900 and 1901,

2 volumes. See also HIBEH; more work by this team

As per [note 6] the following link:

http://sondmor.tripod.com/index-html

6. The "Tomb Robbery Papyri" of the twelfth century include many references to shewtyew whose affiliations, if any, remain unstated. That these merchants were independent is suggested by the fact that "the scribes are otherwise particular in referring to the affiliations of witnesses for purposes of identification" (Castle). Similarly, an earlier document, Papyrus Boulaq [BULAQ] 11, probably dating to the Eighteenth Dynasty, provides no affiliations for merchants who purchased meat and wine and, in one instance, paid in gold to the tune of 2.5 shat (see Topic III.4).

(as per G. Maspero; [B_255; MARIETTE])

See La Revue Archaeologique; Tome XVI; (1859); p. 263.

See METROLOGY.

(As per EEF, A. Eyma)

JEA 4 and JEA 22 include articles of p. ABBOTT.

(As per EEF, K. Sowabada; 061102) See:

J. Phillips, 'Tomb Robbers and their Booty in Ancient Egypt' in S.E. Orel

(ed.), Death and Taxes in the Ancient Near East (Lewiston, 1992)

pp.158-192 and references L. Pomerance,
'The Possible Role of Tomb Robbers and Viziers of the 18th Dynasty
in Confusing Minoan Chronology' in G. Carratelli and G. Rizza (eds),
Anticha Cretesi. Studi in Onore di Doro Levi (Catania, 1971) 21-30.

(as per E. G. Turner) Seek “Catalogue of Greek and Latin Papyri and Ostraca in the Possession of the University of Aberdeen”, by E. G. Turner, 1939.

P.Abinn.: The Abinnaeus Archive: Papers of a Roman Officer in the Reign of Constantius II (Greek; ~341 AD)

CATNYP# *OBLF+90-13448
Not at BOBST but see bobcat# DT63 .S92 1987 Non-circulating
“The Brick Pyramid at Abu Rawash number “I” by Lepsius : a preliminary study / by Nabil Swelim.” Arch. Society of Alexandria, 1987.
Volume includes numerous plates and bibliography.
See plate XXXIX b for benchmark similar to that found in MEIDUM trench [trench #17?].
Text also available via COLUMBIA and Harvard and Yale University Libraries.

also spelled ABU ROASH, ancient Egyptian site of a 4th-dynasty (c. 2575-c. 2465 BC) pyramid built by Redjedef, usually considered the third of the seven kings of that dynasty. The site is about 5 miles (8 km) northwest of Giza (Al-Jizah) on the west bank of the Nile. Of the pyramid superstructure very little remains, and some scholars believe that it was never finished--a theory reinforced by evidence that the walls of the mortuary temple next to the pyramid were hastily made of mud brick instead of the usual cut stone; the complex was also deliberately ransacked, as Redjedef was involved in a dynastic

struggle. Nothing remains of the pyramid's valley temple, but the causeway from it to the mortuary temple can still be traced.

An Early Dynastic (c. 2925-c. 2575 BC) private cemetery has also been found at Abu Ruwaysh.

[B_180b,8.5,IMG, v. 2] CATNYP# *OBQ+ 73-2731 t. 82, “Hommages Serge Sauneron, Cairo, 1979."

“Abou-Simbel, Inscriptions grecques, cariennes et semitiques des statues de la façade”, Centre de Documentation egyptologique, Le Caire, [1959]. By A. Bernard and A. Aly.

“Dictionnaire de la civilisation egyptienne / par Georges Posener en collaboration avec Serge Sauneron et Jean Yoyotte.”

Miles up the Nile, pp. 494-519) se situe au sud du Grand Temple d'Abou Simbel et forme un petit temple independant, symetrique, au sud, de la chapelle solaire situee au nord (PM VII, pp. 97-98).

Abu = Father (Arabic; from the Akkadian cuneiform) and Abba (Hebrew) = [respected] Father

1/2 looks like the AE glyph for 1/2, or the modern “less than” symbol “<“.

(as per S. Lorber) Seek this text: "Aspects economique des nouveaux papyrus d'Abousir"

about grain and bread and beer. NO CATNYP.

I searched in the old catalog but need help finding this.

Not found via CATNYP under:

“aspects”; ”economique”; “Abousir” or “Abou sir”.

Which suggests it is an article in a larger publication.

See SAK:

[B_541,8.5,SAK] CATNYP# OBK 91-1788

“Studien zur altagyptischen Kultur.” Berlin, 1991.

Beihefte 4

Includes:

2.pp. 167-176. Posener-Kriéger, Paule. “Aspects économique des nouveaux papyrus d'Abousir,” in Sylvia Schoske (ed.), “Akten des vierten Internationalen Ägyptologen-Kongresses: München 1985”, and within SAK - Beihefte 4, pp. 167-176. Hamburg: Helmut Buske Verlag, 1991.

Contact info for Prof. Paule Posener-Krieger noted p. 366:

12, rue Gabriel Peri

F – 91300 Massay

(as per 2terres)NO CATNYP [W_019;OS;see OS2]WATSON# 533.6 B771 plQ ser5. Hieratic Papyri in the British Museum. Fifth Series: Abu Sir papyri / edited, together with complementary texts in other collections by Paule Posener-Krieger and Jean Louis de Cenival", London, 1968.

This text includes related papyri from many different countries' museum holdings: Cairo; British Museum; Petrie; East and West Berlin (Staatliche).

These clerical papyri are related to the administration of activity in a 5th dynasty temple found at the plateau of Abousir. Active during the reign of Pr 3's (Pharaohs): Kakai and Isesi. Included are: lists of names; income accounts/ expense accounts and calendar/ feast accounts. See nfr = ZERO.

42. Posener-Kriéger, Paule, 1976. Les Archives du temple funéraire de Néferirkare-kakaï (les papyrus d'Abousir). Traduction et commentaire. Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale du Caire, Paris.

CATNYP# *OBR+96-4441, "Late Ramesside Letters and Communications", by Janssen, Jac.J., 1991.

Pursue the (Greek) TIMOTHEOS roll from Abusir. [See B_397]; CONSTRUCTION; PETRIE.

The earliest surviving reference to Pythagoras' studies in Egypt appears in the work Busiris, written ca. 390 B.C. by the Greek philosopher Isocrates. See Isocrates, Vol. lll, p. 119. Harvard University Press, 1961.

“Abusir III : the pyramid complex of Khentkaus / Miroslav Verner ; with contributions by Paule Posener-Krieger and Peter Janosi.”

Vymazalová, Hana [autor state]: Úcetnictví v hospodárských archivech 5. dynastie (Accounts in economical archives of the fifth dynasty) editor: Onderka, P.; In: Egypt za vlády faraonu. 1. vyd. 2003. Uherské Hradište: Slovácké muzeum; s. 25-30. ISBN 80-86185-27-3. Anotace: Hospodárství zádušních chrámu, úcty. (Economy of the funerary temples, account.)
http://svi.ff.cuni.cz/v/vymazalova.htm

[B_594,8.5]
CATNYP# *OBH+(Journal of Egyptian Archaeology)
See JEA 61 (1975; p. 248-9) for a brief paper by David P. Silverman.
“Fractions in the ABU SIR papyri.”

(as per H.O. Lange) seek "L'inscription dedicatoire du temple d'Abydos", Paris, 1867.

Seek Dr. Dreyer..."as yet no indication of any computationon these finds." See[B_269]; UMM EL-QAAB, MDAIK, and SCORPION.

(as per D. C. Patch; Gallery 28, Met.) seekMDAIK for recent work by Dr. Gunter Dreyer (Head of German Archaeological Institute) pre-dynastic tomb of SCORPION I (Suhag Province); math content; predynastic (~3250 BCE) flat beads with single glyphs and numbers. See[B_269]

(as per J. Styles, EEF) Seek the following “sources of information on subsidiary burials associated with Early Dynastic royal tombs:”

Primary material: Flinders Petrie’s three volumes “Royal Tombs of the First Dynasty”; “Royal Tombs of the Earliest Dynasties”; “Tombs of the Courtiers and Oxyrhynchos”, and the second and third volumes of W.B. Emery’s “Great Tombs of the Earliest Dynasties”

Also seek: [B_392,rvw]; Toby Wilkonson’s 1999 book , “Early Dynastic Egypt”.

(as per S. Katary, [B_100]) See F. Ll. Griffith, “The Abydos Decree of Seti I at Nauri,” JEA 13 [B_303], (1927), pp. 193-208, plates 37-43.

Abydos" by David O'Connor (Lila Acheson Wallace Professor of Egyptian Art, Institute of Fine Arts, New York University) and Matthew Adams

“sold by the family of Edward Roger Pratt, of Ryston Hall, Norfolk, who brought it back to Britain in 1834.”

“Abydos: description des fouilles executes sur l’emplacement de cette ville / Auguste Mariette.”

122504_EEF_[Submitted by by Michael Tilgner]
* Online version of: Auguste Mariette, Catalogue général des monuments
d'Abydos découverts pendant les fouilles de cette ville, Imprimerie
nationale, Paris, 1880. VII, 596 pp., ills.
http://snipurl.com/bji9

Achaemenians (Hakhâmanišiya): royal dynasty of ancient Persia, named after the legendary Achaemenes (Hakhâmaniš). Their rule lasted until 331 BCE.

"Says Darius the King: by the favor of Ahura Mazda [See Zoroaster] I am such a man who is friend to right; I am not a friend to wrong. It is not my wish that the weak man should have wrong done to him by the mighty; nor is it my wish that the mighty man should have wrong done to him by the weak. What is right, that is my wish. I am not a friend to the man who follows the lie; I am not quick tempered; things which develop in my anger I hold firmly under control by my thinking power. I am firmly in control of my own [impulses]. The man who co-operates, I reward him according to his cooperation. He who does harm, him I punish according to the damage. It is not my wish that a man should do harm; nor is it my wish that he who does harm should go unpunished."

[B_325,CUNE;IMG,8.5’s,11/3/01]CATNYP# *OMH+ (Kossovich, K. A. Inscriptiones palaeo-persicae Achaemenidarum)

“Inscriptiones palaeo-persicae Achaemenidarum quot hucusque repertae sun ad apographa viatorum criticasque Chr. Lassenii, Th. Benfeyi, J. Oppertii [OPPERT] nec non Fr. Spiegelee editiones archetyporum typis primus ededit et explicavit commentarios criticos adjecit glossariumque comparativum paleo persicum subjunxit dr. Cajetans Kossowicz …”

“Rock records of Darius the Great, by Maneck B. Pithawalla…with an introduction by H. G. Rawlinson…”

Achaemenids , dynasty of ancient Persia. They were descended presumably from one Achaemenes, a minor ruler in a mountainous district of SW Iran. His successors, when Elam [Bahistun inscriptions in old Elamite] declined, spread their power westward.

ACHMIM OR AKHMIN OR AKHMIM:(OK; AE; Greek) papyrus and stelae; wood math tablets

[B_182a, no img,IGNR]CATNYP# *OBL, Institut Francais d’Arch. A la Bibliotheque nationale de Paris, Le Caire, 1931, “Les papyrus grecs d’Achmim”,

[B_040, POOR IMG,SIBL]CATNYP (forHM9 below)# JSP 76-614 (as per M. Gardner) The Akhmim Papyrus, a Hellene 500 AD to 800 AD papyrus, found along the Nile, was cited by Wilbur Knorr, Stanford History of Science Department, in:

Historia Mathematica, HM9, 1982, pp.133-171 "Fraction in Ancient Egypt and Greece.", Toronto, International Commission on the History of Mathematics.

½ looks like the AE glyph for ½, or the modern “less than” symbol “<”.

*When I first researched this at NYPL I found instead the Coptic apocryphon. I had received the wrong tome because I did not know that MIFAO is NOT the same as Mem.IFAO.

5 hekat divisions, Dynasty XII, on wooden tablets from the MK. (See [B_302]; below)

T. E. Peet mentions two wooden tablets, No.’s 25367-8, in the Cairo Museum, in RYLANDS [B_226a] but gives no citation.

CATNYP# (Recueil de Travaux Relatifs de la Philologie et a l’Archaeologie Egyptiennes et Assyriennes.)

Note that the analysis is not centered around a real reproduction of the tablet images and that the images shown are of questionable accuracy. This text finally identified the image source text below.

CATNYP# *OBKM+(Cairo. Musee des Antiquites Egyptiennes. Catalogue General. Ostraca hieratiques)

(as per T. E. Peet) In addition to Mem.IFAO 9 see also “Un nuovo documento relativo alla logistica greco-egiziana” in: Bibliotheca Mathematica, ser. 2, V. 7, 1893, 79 ff. By Loria, G. and;

(as per AEB, 87.1009) Bresciani, Edda, "Ai margini della storia della medicina egiziana antica. Il caso di Padikhonsi di Akhmim", EVO 10, No.1 (1987), p. 51-55.

(as per AEB) The (Akhmim) Stele of Padikhonsi tells of a 200 BCE tooth extraction.

[B_592,8.5,IMG]
CATNYP# *OAA (Archiv Orientalni) [Prague]
See ArOr 70 (2002; p. 27-42) for a paper by Hana Vymazalova.
“The Wooden Tablets from CAIRO : The Use of the Grain Unit hk3t in Ancient Egypt.”
ISSN 0044-8699

Images of CG 25637 and 25638!
A superior work to that of Peet, G. Daressy and myself!

[B_303,8.5] CATNYP# *OBH+(Journal of Egyptian Archaeology)
See JEA IX (1923; p. 91-95) for a brief paper by T. E. Peet on AE Math which is an abridged lesson from his work in [B_092]; see RHIND.
“Arithmetic in the Middle Kingdom.”

NO CATNYP:
Assigned as [B_606]:
Ignore (no review of the artifact!) article by Olga Kosheleva and Vladik Kreinovich:
“Egyptian Fractions Revisited.” [Partly funded by NASA!]
Olga has other articles published by the Symposium on Applied Computing. She comments on, but does not read, historical documents except as provided by other errant reports! (i.e. Boyer; Eppstein and Martin Gardner [not Milo Gardner].)
Ignore the article in all regards!

(as per EEF; A. Eyma; 120603)
Re: hieroglyphic acrostic writings
a XXII dyn. stela of Amenmose and another stela of the British Museum?

AEB lists one example:
which it says "can only be read acrostic wise":
the stele of Nebounnef. References:

ZANDEE, J., An Ancient Egyptian Crossword Puzzle, Leiden, Ex Oriente
Lux, 1966 (19.6 x 26.6 cm; [VI + ] 80 p., 3 fig., frontispiece) =
Mededelingen en Verhandelingen van het Vooraziatisch-Egyptisch
Genootschap
"Ex Oriente Lux" / Mémoires de la Société d'Études Orientales "Ex
Oriente Lux" 15.
(Zandee apparently lists other dyn. 20 examples of such a "mots croisés"
design.)

(as per E. G. Turner) Seek “Actenstucke aus d. Kgl. Bank zu Theban”, by U. Wilken. Ab. Berl. Akad., 1886. Now republished in UPZ 2, p. 198-229.

P.Adl. G1. Sale of vacant ground, at the office of the agoranomos: (Greek; 134 bce)

“The Adler papyri. Greek texts by Elkan Nathan Adler, John Gavin Tait and Dr. Fritz M. Heichelheim. The Demotic texts by the late Professor Francis Llewellyn Griffith [L.L.D., F.B.A.] With sixteen plates.”

These Papyri were “bought” from the Arabs and believed to come from a pot from Gebelen [GEBELEIN] from one family archive ~134-89 BCE. They include many mixed cultural marriages and contacts. Loans and deeds and sales. [math]

8.1. Kani, Ahmad, “Arithmetic in the Pre-Colonial Central Sudan”, in Gloria Thomas-Emeagwali, ed., Science and Technology in African History With Case Studies from Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Zimbabwe, and Zambia. Lewiston: E. Mellen Press, 1992.

8.2. Gerdes, Paulus. “On Mathematics in the History of Sub-Saharan Africa.” Historia Mathematica 21 (1994), no. 3, 345–376.

8.3. Gerdes, Paulus. Geometry from Africa: Mathematical and Educational Explorations. Washington, DC: The Mathematical Association of America, 1999.

8.4. Lumpkin, Beatrice. “Africa in the Mainstream of Mathematics History.” In Blacks in Science: Ancient and Modern. New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction, 1983, 100–109. Reprinted in Ethnomathematics. Challenging Eurocentrism in Mathematics Education. With a foreword by U. D’Ambrosio and an afterword by G. Gilmer. Edited by Arthur B. Powell and Marilyn Frankenstein. (SUNY Series, Reform in Mathematics Education). Albany, N.Y.: State University of New York Press, 1997, 101–117.

8.6. Zaslavsky, Claudia. “Black African Traditional Mathematics”. Mathematics Teacher 63 (1970), 345–356.

8.7. Zaslavsky, Claudia. “Mathematics of the Yoruba People and of Their Neighbors in Southern Nigeria”. The Two-Year College Mathematics Journal 1 (1970), 76–99.

8.8. Zaslavsky, Claudia. Africa Counts: Number and Pattern in African Culture. Boston: Prindle, Weber & Schmidt, 1973; paperback, Westport, Conn.: Lawrence Hill, 1979.

8.9. Beart, Charles. Jeux et jouets de l’Ouest Africain. Dakar: IFAN, 1955. 2 vols.

8.10. Armstrong, Robert G. Yoruba Numerals. Ibadan: Oxford University Press, 1962 [worth 1 paper].

8.11. Brooke, M. “How the Shona Count”. Journal of Recreational Mathematics 6 (1973), 296–298.

8.12. Seidenberg, A. “The Diffusion of Counting Practices”. University of California Publications in Mathematics, Vol. 3. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1960, 215–299.

[B_433,prsu,AHDO]CATNYP# *OAA (Archives d’histoire du droit oriental) Library has Tome 1-4

*DJE=Documents Juridiques egyptiens; see AHDO 1 (1937) p. 3-86. and AHDO 5 (1950) p. 11-91.