[Abbreviation Guide]:

[Ancient studies - Abbreviation Guide]:

Latest Revision: December 25, 2005.

Clarifications of acronyms and abbreviations, including but not limited to: reference texts, periodicals, definitions of historical terminology, scholarly organizations, publishers, museum collections, cryptic text titles, related science/ law/ numismatic/ construction items and some other useful bits.

Other sources of abbreviations.

http://www.saur.de/dietrich/journals_a-z.html

http://www.ajaonline.org/shared/s_info_contrib_7.html

http://www.geocities.com/TimesSquare/Alley/4482/AHmag.html

http://members.xoom.virgilio.it/papange/abbrgen.htm

http://www.bautz.de/bbkl

http://www.webcom.com/~ctt/bookabs.html

http://www.columbia.edu/itc/classics/bagnall/3995/readings/b-d2-front.htm

http://www.mishpativri.org.il/english/multpubl.htm#m

http://www.ancientneareast.net/abbreviations.html

http://www.history-journals.de/journals/hjg-abb.html

http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/amphoras/revues.txt

http://library.bu.edu:1026/search~/a?a

http://www.filol.csic.es/dge/lst/l4-a-b.htm#BIFAO

http://www.asor.org/HITTITE/CTHAbbrev.html

[Aramaic studies; pdf download]

http://cal1.cn.huc.edu/bibliography/BibliogIntro.pdf

[Astronomy]

http://www.asahi-net.or.jp/~se2k-sgwr/comet_p/ryakugo.html

[Biblical-misc.]

http://www.kenrick.edu/library/tools/abbreviations/abbreviations.html

[Theology-misc.]

http://www.etsjets.org/jets/jets-contributor.pdf

See images and analysis of ancient mathematical objects: IMAGE GRID

A=The Asiatic Collection, Chicago, Oriental Institute.

http://www-oi.uchicago.edu/OI/

AA=The American Anthropologist, Manasha, Wisconsin

*AA=[Sanskrit text] Aitareya Aranyaka

AAASH=Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae (Budapest)

AAG=ADAW=APAW=AAWG=Abhandlungen [papers of] der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Gottingen. Philol.-hist. Klasse (1838-)

AaGDeg=Altaramaische Grammatik der Inschriften des 10.–8. Jh. v. Chr. (R. Degen
1969)

AaGSeg=Altaramaische Grammatik (S. Segert 1975)

AAL=Afroasiatic Linguistics (Malibu, CA: Undena)

AAMT=Advances in Archaeological Method and Theory

AAN=American Antiquity

AANL=Atti dell'Accademia Pontificia de'Nuovi Lincei, Rome.

*AANL=Atti della Accademia nazionale dei Lincei, Classe di scienze morali storiche e filologiche (Rome: Accad. naz. dei Lincei)

AAO=Album ´d’antiquites orientales: Recueil de monuments ´inedits ou peu connus (C. Clermont-Ganneau 1897)

AAR=Acta Archaeologica, Copenhagen

*AAr=ARYA=[Sanskrit text] Aryabhatiya of Aryabhata

**AAR=American Academy of Religion http://www.aar-site.org/

AAS=Annales archeologiques syriennes, Damascus, Syria

*AAS=American Astronomical Society

AASOR=The Annual of the American School of Oriental Research. Cambridge, MA. See ASOR.

AASyr=Les annales ´archeologiques arabes syriennes (Damascus)

AAT=Agypten und Altes Testament

AAWG=See AAG

AB=[Sanskrit text] Aitareya Brahmana

ABAA=Antiquarian Booksellers’ Association of America, Incorporated.

See [B_332]

ABAW=Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Philos.-hist. Klasse (1835-)

ABC=Assyrian and Babylonian Contracts with Aramaic Reference Notes (J. H.
Stevenson 1902)

ABCD=Aspects of Babylonian Celestial Divination; By Francesca Rochberg-Halton

ABD=Anchor Bible Dictionary, David Noel Freedman (main ed.), DoubleDay, 1992. [B_267]

AbhKGWG=Abhandlungen der Koniglichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Gottingen

ABL=Assyrian and Babylonian Letters, R. F. Harper, London and Chicago, 1892-1914.

ABORI=Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute

ABSA=Annual of the British School at Athens (1894/5-) London.

AC=Act. Class.=Acta Classica

*AC=Aramaische Chrestomathie (J. J. Koopmans 1962)

Ach=L’astrologie chaldeenne, by Ch. Virolleaud, Paris, 1907-1912.

ACII=Appendice al Corpus Inscriptionum Italicorum, Florence, 1880, by G. F. Gamurrini

ACLHU=Annals of the Computation Laboratory of Harvard University. Cambridge, MA.

ACME=Associazione Collaboratori Museo Egizio

c/o Museo Egizio di Torino, via Accademia delle
Scienze 6, 10123 Turin, Italy

ACOR=AMERICAN CENTER OF ORIENTAL RESEARCH,

*ACOR=Acta Orientalia, Batavia

ACSS=Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia. An International Journal of Comparative Studies in History and Archaeology; 1994-

ACT=Astronomical Cuneiform Texts, London, 1955, by Otto Neugebauer.

Act. An.=AcAn=Acta Antiqua

Act. Class.=Acta Classica=AC

AD=Anno Domini=After Death [of Jesus Christ].=CE=Common Era=Conversion Era=Christian Era=n. Chr.=apr. J-Chr.

AD=Aramaic Documents of the Fifth Century B.C. (G. R. Driver 1954)

ADAIK=Abhandlungen des Deutschen Archaologischen Instituts Kairo - Agyptologische Reihe

*ADAIK=Abhandlungen des Deutschen Archaologischen Instituts Kairo - Koptische Reihe

ADAJ=Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan (Amman)

ADAW=AAG=APAW=Abhandlungen [papers of] der Deutschen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Gottingen [or Berlin]. Philol.-hist. Klasse (1838-)

ADD=Assyrian Deeds and Documents, by C. H. W. Johns, 4 volumes, Cabridge, 1898-1923. *See 1901

ADFU=Ausgrabungen der deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft in Uruk Warka, Berlin

ADO=Annals of the Dudley Observatory, Albany, NY.

ADOGA=Ausgrabungen der deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft [society] in Abusir

ADP=Archives de Psychologie, Geneva

ADSM=Album of Dated Syriac Manuscripts, Boston, A. P. Hatch, 1946.

ADT=Astronomical diary texts

*ADT=Astronomical Diaries and Related Texts, H. Hunber, and A. J. Sachs

AE=Ancient Egypt(ian).

*A.E.=Arsacid era

AEA=Aegean Archaeology (1994-)

AEB=Annual Egyptological Bibliography, ed. by LMJ Sonhoven.

(CATNYP# O-OBI 86-878): http://www.leidenuniv.nl/nino/aeb.html

*AEB [Same]=Bibliographie Egyptologique annuelle / International Association of Egyptologists [IAE].

AECT=Aramaic Epigraphs on Clay Tablets of the Neo-Assyrian Period (F. M. Fales 1986)

AEG=Aegyptus. Rivista italiana di egittologia e papirologia, Milan

AEL=Ancient Egyptian Language List

AEME=Gillain, Olivier, l’Arithmetique au Moyen Empire, Bruxelles, 1927 [B_336,SIBL]

AEMT=Ancient Egyptian Materials and Technology. Ed. by Paul T. Nicholson and Ian Shaw, Cambridge University Press, 2000.

AEO=Ancient Egyptian Onomastica by A.H. Gardiner,

3 vols, Oxford, 1947.

AEPOA=[l'Association des etudes du Proche-Orient ancien] (AEPOA) de l'Universite de Montreal. [L'epigraphie et l'architecture au Proche-Orient ancien; …Karnak.]

AERIA=Antikensammlung Erlangen Internet Archive) – Photosammlung

AESA=Ancient Egypt Studies Association, Seattle

AESC=Annales. Economies, Societes, Civilisations, Paris

AESH=”Ancient Egypt; a social history”; Cambridge, 1983, by Trigger, Kemp, Connor and Lloyd

AF=Altorientalische Forschungen (Leipzig: Pfeiffer)

AFAICR=[Internet expression]=As far as I can recall

AFAICT=Internet expressions=As far as I can tell

AFAIK=Internet expression=As far as I know

AFD=AfD=Annales d’une famille de Dilbat, by M. J. E. Gautier, Cairo, 1908

AfK=Archiv fur Keilschriftforschung

AfO=AFO=AOF=Archiv fur Orientforschung (1923-), Graz.

AFOB=Archaeological Fieldwork Opportunities Bulletin, 2003

AfP=ARCHIV=Archiv fur Papyrusforschung [papyrus research]

AgA=AGA=AgAbh=Agyptologische Abhandlungen, Weisbaden, 1960-

(CATNYP# *OBH Agyptologische Abhandlung) About 60 volumes to date. An excellent reference text. [B_074; B_196]

AGM=Abhandlungen zur Geschichte der Mathematik, Leipzig

AGMNT=Archiv fur Geschichte der Mathematik, der Naturwissenschaften und der Technik.

AGW=Abhandlungen der Gesellschaft [society] der Wissenschaften, Gottingen

AH=”Achaemnid History. Proceedings of the Groningen Achaemnid History Workshop”, H. Sancisi-Weerdenburg and A. Kuhrt, 3 volumes 1987-8

*A.H.=AH=years of the Hijra [Hegira; from 621 CE]

See early Islamic/Kufic inscriptions from Saudi Arabia [near Madinah]

http://www.islamic-awareness.org/History/Islam/Inscriptions/hamid2.html

**AH=An Aramaic Handbook (F. Rosenthal 1967)

AHANE=Archeological History of the Ancient Near East, Jack Finegan, Barnes & Noble, 1979.

AHAW=Abhandlungen der Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Philos.-hist. Klasse

AHB=The Ancient History Bulletin

http://www.trentu.ca/ahb/subscribe.html

AHC=Annals of the History of Computing, IEEE, New York

AHDO=AHDO=Archives d’Histoire du Droit [Law] Oriental. [B_566] See also DJE; ATLA; JEWISH LAW.

AHES=Archive for the History of the Exact Sciences

AHw=AHW=Akkadisches Handworterbuch by W. Von Soden, Weisbaden, 1957-81.

AI=Arad Inscriptions. See Y. Aharoni in BASOR 184 and IEJ 16

AIA=Archaeological Institute of America. See CSA

http://www.archaeological.org/

*AIA=Architects Institute of America

AIEE=American Institute of Electrical Engineers, NYC.

AIHS=Archives internationales d’histoire des sciences, Paris.

AIM=Artificial Intelligence Magazine

AION=Annali dell’Instituto Universitario Orientale di Napoli

AISC=American Institute of Steel Construction

AISI=American Iron and Steel Institute

AIV=Atti dell'Istituto Veneto di scienze, lettere ed arti (1840-)

AJ=Accountants Journal

AJA=American Journal of Archaeology, NYC

http://www.ajaonline.org/

*From 1895-6 called: American Journal of Archaeology and of the History of Fine Arts

AJBA=Australian Journal of Biblical Archaeology

AJP=AJPH=American Journal of Philology, NYC.

AJPS=American Journal of Psychology, NYC.

AJS=American Journal of Science, NYC.

AJSL=AJSLL=American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literature(s), Chicago, IL

AJT=American Journal of Theology

AK=Antike Kunst; edited by:Kristine Gex, Jean-Robert Gisler, Margot Schmidt, Rolf A. Stucky, Dietrich Willers; annual; 1958-

AKA=I use this occasionally in lieu of “also known as”

AKM=Abhandlungen für die Kunde des Morgenlandes

AKK=Akkadika, Brussels

AKRG=Arbeiten der Kaiserlichen Russischen Gesandschaft zu Peking, Berlin.

Alal.=[cuneiform tablets and/or town of] Alalakh

ALASP=Abhandlungen zur Literatur Alt-Syrien-Palästinas und Mesopotamiens

AM=Anno Mundi=year of the world. [Since the presumed Biblical origin of time; 3761 BCE; Genesis]. See TORAH. Note: 3372 BCE is the first year in the Mayan calendar

*AM=American Machinist

**Am.=El Amarma [cuneiform tablets]

AMA=Asia Major, Liepzig and London.

AMG=Annales de Musée Guimet [Sanskrit collections]

AMI=Archaeologische Mitteilungen [reports] aus Iran, Berlin

AMM=American Mathematical Monthly

AMNH=American Museum of Natural History, NYC. See BAMNH.

AMP=Archiv der Mathematik and Physik

AMUCHMA=African Mathematical Union Commission on the History of Mathematics, 2004.

Chairman is Dr. Paulus Gerdes.

AN=Astronomische Nachrichten [nach=after]

AnBib=Analecta Biblica. Investigationes scientificae in res biblicas (Rome)

Anc. Soc.=Ancient Society (Leuven)

ANE=Ancient Near East

ANEP=The Ancient Near East in Pictures Relating to the Old Testament. Ed. J. B. Pritchard. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press 1954. 2nd ed., with supplement, 1969.

ANESTP=The Ancient Near East. Supplementary Texts and Pictures Relating to the Old Testament. Ed. J. B. Pritchard. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press, 1969.

ANET=Ancient Near Eastern Texts relating to the Old Testament, 3rd edition, Princeton, 1969. by J. B. Pritchard

Ann.=ANN=Annales=Ann. Serv.=ASAE=Annales du Service des antiquites de l'Egypte, Le Caire.1900-

AnOr=AOR=Analecta Orientalia, Rome

ANS=Anatolian Studies, London

ANSI=American National Standards Institute [Construction/Fabrication Standards]

Ant. Class.=L’Antiquite Classique

ANTH=Anthropos, Goteborg

ANTHR=Anthropologie, Paris.

AntTard=AT=Antiquité Tardive; edited by J.-M. Carrié; 1993-

ANU=Australian National University

AO=Antiquités Orientales, Louvre.

http://www.louvre.fr/anglais/collec/ao/ao_hp.htm

*AO=Inventory mark from Louvre cuneiform tablet collection. Paris

**AO=[Oxford scientific journal] Archaeologia Oxoniensis [1896]

***AO=Aula Orientalis

AOAT=AOATS=Alter Orient und Altes Testament, Neukirchen-Vluyn [Neukirchener]

AOAWW=Anzeiger der Osterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, phil.-hist. Kl.

AOB=Acta Orientalia Belgica

AOF=AfO=AFO=Archiv fur Orientforschung (1923-), Graz.

*AoF=Altorientalische Forschungen, Leipzig

AOR=AnOr=Analecta Orientalia, Rome.

AOS=The American Oriental Society

*AOS=The American Oriental Series, New Haven, Connecticut.

AOS=Ashmolean Ostracon [see SINUHE]

AP=Asian Perspectives

*AP=Analecta Papyrologica

**AP=Aramaic Papyri of the Fifth Century B.C. (A. Cowley 1923)

APA=Aramaic Papyri Discovered at Assuan (A. H. Sayce and A. Cowley 1906)

*APA=Acta Praehistorica et Archaeologica (1970-)

APAO=Archaeology and Physical Anthropology in Oceania

APAW=Konigliche Preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Abhandlungen. Philosophische-historische Klasse.

(CATNYP# *EE P921), [B_199].

*APAW=AAG=ADAW=Abhandlungen [papers of] der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Gottingen. Philol.-hist. Klasse (1838-)

APC=Annales de Philosophie Chretienne; see [B_561]; JEWS.

APE=Aramaische Papyrus aus Elephantine (A. Ungnad 1911)

APEL=Arabic Papyri in the Egyptian Library, volume IV, Cairo, 1962, by A. Grohmann

APIS=Advanced Papyrological Information System

http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/projects/digital/apis/index.html

APM=L'Architettura delle Piramidi Menfite, in seven volumes, Rapallo, 1964, also V. Maragioglio and C. Rinaldi.

APO=Aramaische Papyrus und Ostraka aus einer judischen Militarkolonie zu Elephantine (E. Sachau 1911)

APS=American Philosophical Society, founded by Benjamin Franklin, Philadelphia, see also MAPS and TAPS

AR=Asiatic Researches

ARA=Annual Review of Anthropology

ARAB=Arabica. Revue d’etudes arabes, Leyden.

ARAK=Astrological Reports to Assyrian Kings, H. Hunger

ARBE=Annual Report of the American Bureau of Ethnology, Washington, DC

ARBS=Annual Report of the Bureau of the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC

ARC=ARCHEION, Rome

ARCE=[Bulletin/Newsletter of] American Research Center in Egypt, Cairo

ARCH=Architect=Archeologist and

*ARCH=Archeologia, Rome

ArchBulg=Archaeologia Bulgarica; edited by Lyudmil F. Vagalinski; 1997-

ARCHIV=AfP

*ARCHIV=an/any archive [German word]

ARCHL=Archaeologia, London

ARCHN=Archaeology, NYC

ARE=James H. Breasted, Ancient Records of Egypt (1935).

ARET=Archivi Reali di Ebla. Testi, Rome, 1981-

ARg=Agyptische Rechtsgeschichte. [Law/rights] By Seidl.

ARIT=American Research Institute in Turkey

ARM=ARMA=[Cuneiform] Archives Royales de Mari, Paris

*ARM=Armenia

ARN=Altbabylonische Rechtsurkunden [Law/rights] aus Nippur, Istanbul, 1952 (in Turkish). See NIPPUR.

ArOr=AROR=Archiv Orientalni, Prague, Czech Republic. [Ceskoslovensko=Czechoslovakia at publishing]

ARU=Assyrische Rechtsurkunden [Law/rights] in Umschrift und Uebersetzung nebst einem index der Personen-Namen und Rechtserlauterungen. Leipzig, 1913.

ARYA=Aryabhatiya of Aryabhata, by K. S. Shukla and K. V. Sarma, within INSA 77, Delhi, 1976

AS=Automata Studies, Princeton, N.J., 1956.

*AS=Anatolian Studies, Istanbul, 1974, See also HG

**AS=Assyriological Studies

***As=Altsyrien (H. T. Bossert 1951)

ASADE=Andalusian Association of Egyptology

ASAE=Ann.=ANN=Annales=Ann. Serv.=Annales du Service des antiquites de l'Egypte, Le Caire.1900-

ASAW=Abhandlungen der Sächsischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig (Berlin) [B_358a]

ASB=Assyriologische Bibliothek, Leipzig

ASE=Archaeological Survey of Egypt, London

ASI=Archaeological Survey of India, New Delhi

ASJ=Acta Sumerologica, Hiroshima

ASMF=Annali di scienze matematiche e fisiche, Rome

ASNA=Annuaire de la societe francaise de numismatique et d’archeologie, Paris.

ASOR=American School Of archeological Research, Ann Arbor Michigan, See AASOR. See BASOR.

http://www.asor.org/

ASP=American Society of Papyrologists

*ASP=American Studies in Papyrology. See [B_491]; Chico, California, 1966-. Irregular. Some volumes published [1966-?] by the American Society of Papyrologists. See also BASP.