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Last updated 12/25/05
C. ETIQ. MOM.: (Greek)
Corpus des Etiquettes de Momies Grecques.
See also DUKE.
http://perseus.csad.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.05.0003
C. EPIST. LAT.: (Latin)
=Corpus Epistolarum Latinarum, papyris tabulis ostracis servatarum
See also DUKE; PERSEUS.
http://perseus.csad.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.05.0002
C. ILLUM. PAP. I: (Greek)
=Illuminierte Papyri, Pergamente und Papiere.
See also DUKE.
http://perseus.csad.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.05.0004
C.JUD.SYR.EG.: (Greek)
=The Judaean-Syrian-Egyptian Conflict of 102-101 B.C.: a multilingual dossier concerning a "War of Sceptres". (Greek)
http://perseus.csad.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.05.0005
C. PAP. GR.: (Greek)
=Corpus Papyrorum Graecarum.
See also DUKE; TEBTUNIS.
http://perseus.csad.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.05.0006
CAIRO: (Egyptian Museum) papyri and ostraca and stelae
See CG for catalog entries at the Museum.
http://www.tourism.egnet.net/attractions_detail.asp?code=6
(as per Y. Koenig) Seek Caire 86637, an AE Calendar.
[B_066,rvw] CATNYP# *OBKQ+ 75-1648, "The Cairo calendar no. 86637, by Abd el-Mohsen Bakir."
Cairo, 1966. Includes images, transcription
and translation.
(as per Petra Habiger) Setne I is preserved in C.M. Papyrus no. 30646.
(as per D. Meeks) Stele Caire (CG 50044) is trilingual.
Seek CG 30789, demotic papyrus.
CG 30813 is demotic and relates to the
Cult of Thoth.
(as per E.A. Budge) See Cairo P. of Mes-em-neter; BOTD.
See Naville, “Todtenbuch”.
(as per E.
G. Turner) Pursue Greek papyri at C.M.
1. P. Cair. = “Greek
Papyri, CGC, X, Nos. 10001-869,
by B.P. Grenfell and A.S. Hunt, Oxford, 1903.
2. P. Cairo Goodspeed
= “Greek Papyri from the Cairo Museum”, ed. E.J. Goodspeed, Chicago, 1902.
4. P. Cair. Masp. =
CGC, “papyrus grecs d’epoque byzantine” ed. J.
Maspero, Cairo, 1911-1916, 3 volumes.
5. P. Cairo. Preis.
= “Greichische Urkunden des Agyptischen Museums zu Kairo”, ed. F. Preisigke,
Strassburg, 1911.
6. P. Cairo Zen. = CGC, “Zenon Papyri”, ed. C.C. Edgar, 1925-31,
4 volumes.
[B_180a,8.5,IMG,
v. 1] CATNYP# *OBQ+ 73-2731 t. 82, “Hommages
Serge Sauneron, Cairo, 1979, v. 1.
See work by Dimitri Meeks, “Une fondation
Memphite de Taharqa”, (Stele du Caire JE [Journal Entry?] 36861).
C.M. acquired this in 1904.
[B_180b,
v. 2]
See volume
two, mention of P. Cairo Zen. 59245,
dated to
(23 Fevrier 252 a. C.).
AKA Kairo and Le Caire.
http://www.pr.mq.edu.au/events/index.asp?ItemID=38
[The Centennial Anniversary; 2002]
of the Egyptian Museum
Tahrir Square, Cairo, Egypt (tel/fax:
202-579-4596)
Dr. Mamdouh Eldamaty
Director General
Egyptian Museum
O. Cair. 1: (Greek ~150 bce)
http://perseus.csad.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.05.0018
P.Cair.Goodsp.: Greek Papyri from the Cairo Museum
P.Cair.Goodsp. 3.= Chr.Wilck. 50
http://perseus.csad.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/ptext?lookup=Chr%2eWilck%2e+50
P.Cair.Isid.: The Archive of Aurelius Isidorus in the Egyptian
Museum, Cairo, and the University of Michigan
P.Cair.Isid. 1. Edict of Aristios Optatos: (Greek; AD 127; from KARANIS)
http://perseus.csad.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.05.0088
P.Cair.Masp.: Papyrus grecs d'époque byzantine, Catalogue
général des antiquités égyptiennes du Musée du Caire
P.Cair.Masp. 1.67001. Contract: (Greek; AD 514; from Aphrodito, Aphroditopolis)
http://perseus.csad.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.05.0089
P.Cair.Mich.: A Tax List from Karanis (P.Cair.Mich. 359)
(Greek; AD 175; KARANIS)
http://perseus.csad.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.05.0090
(math content; typically charges are multiples of 4 drachma)
P.Cair.Preis.: Griechische Urkunden des Aegyptischen Museums zu Kairo
P.Cair.Preis. 1. Record of proceedings; (Greek; 148+AD; Arsinoite)
http://perseus.csad.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.05.0091
P.Cair.Zen.: Zenon Papyri, Catalogue général des antiquités égyptiennes du Musée du Caire
P.Cair.Zen. 1.59001. Loan of money [34 Drachmai]: (Greek; 273 bce; from Phil<Memphite)
http://perseus.csad.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.05.0092
Bobcat# PA3303.C13 G8
“Greek papyri from the CAIRO Museum, together with papyri of Roman Egypt from American collections by Edgar J. Goodspeed / Instructor in Biblical and Patristic Greek.”
Chicago, University Press, 1902.
[printed from Volume 5]
Includes translations and transcriptions of these papyri:
CAIRO Papyri
1. Odyssey o 216-253 ~200 CE
2. Medical fragment ~200 CE
3. Letter ~300 BCE
4. Letter of Recommendation ~200 BCE
5. Promise to Pay ~200 CE;
from GEBELIEN
6. Deed of Land 129 BCE
from GEBELIEN
7. Official Accounts 119-118 BCE
from FAYUM
8. Loan Contract 111 BCE
Cairo M. # 10366
9. Memorandum of Rent ~100 BCE
10. Memphis Tax Receipt 180 CE
11. Receipt for Shipment of Wine ~400 CE; See SHIPS
12. Certified List of Taxpayers 340 CE
13. Special Warranty Deed 341 CE
14. Contract for Corn Transport 343 CE
Cairo M. # 10265; Possibly from Ashmunen
15. Complaint of Aurelia 362 CE from Ashmunen; Cairo M. # 10269
16. Grain Receipt 158-159 CE from Kom Ushim
17. Grain Receipt 144-145 CE from Kom Ushim
18-24. Grain Receipts 158-159 CE from Kom Ushim
25. Aknwldg Embankment Service 161 CE from Kom Ushim
26. Date 163-164 CE from Kom Ushim
27. Acknowledgement of Payment ~200 CE from Kom Ushim; Westminster College 12.
CHICAGO Papyri
28. Boat Ticket ~200 CE
29. Legal Proceedings ~150 CE
30. Accounts 191-192 CE
See:
[B_341,alt,8.5]
The Journal of Mediterannean Archaeology and Archaeometry,
Volume 2, No. 1, pp. 111-124, copyright MAA, 2002.
Article by Flora Vafea:
“The Mathematics of Pyramid Construction in Ancient
Egypt.”
EMAIL??: fkvafea@gega.net
An interesting article with a suitable bibliography for further
queries.
Refers to Demotic p. CAIRO 89127-30,
89137-43 containing pyramid problems.
Also refers to RMP; MMP; SEKED; CUBIT.
CAIRO: See ZENON
(as per EEF; R.
Bauval; 081704)
Bakir, Abd el-Mohsen. The Cairo Calendar of Lucky and Unlucky Days
(Journal d'Entree, 86637). ASAE
48 (1948): 425-431. Also by same
author, 'The Cairo CALENDAR No. 86637', Cairo 1966
(as per EEF; S.
Gauss; 090304)
It is of Ramesside date.
See also:
Christian Leitz, Tagewählerei (Ägyptologische Abhandlungen 55).
(as per EEF; G.
Passera; 083103)
a: In "KMT, Amarna Letters Vol. 2, Courtier, Confidant, Counselor,
King: The God's Father Ay", page 113, Otto Schaden show a stela from
Giza (Cairo 34187) dated to
Year 3 of King Ay without giving a
translation.
b: The hieroglyph text of this stella is also in G. Daressy Recueil
/ Notes & Remarques, page 123 CVIII with a short comment about a
wife of King AY : Maut-net'emit.
c: Henry Breasted in Ancient Records of Egypt vol 2 page 428 give a
translation of this stella where Mutnezmet is the wife of an Ay's
official <snip>
G. Daressy and H.Breasted texts do not match, <snip>
CALCULATORS:
online
http://www-sci.lib.uci.edu/HSG/RefCalculators.html
CALCULI: (ancient) counting tokens
See UHN: p. 97: OLDEST calculi (symbolic COUNTING TOKENS)
From the 9th to 7th millenium BCE.
Found at:
Beldibi, ANATOLIA
Tepe Asiab, MESOPOTAMIA
Ganj Dara Tepe, IRAN
Khartoum, SUDAN
Jericho, WEST BANK
Abu Hureyra, SYRIA
More recent calculi from the 2nd millenium BCE from:
Tepe Hissan, IRAN
Megiddo, ISRAEL
Nuzi, MESOPOTAMIA
See also TEPE YAHYA
CALENDAR: Always changing but not always for
the better.
Search for CALENDAR throughout
the site.
See ASTRONOMY; METROLOGY
See historical Venus influences
(as per S. Whittet) See 364 day solar year divided into lunar months.
See the Saros cycle (See Hibeh and Paris; 18 years + 11 days).
and the Metonic cycle (19 year cycles).
the Callipic cycle (by Callipus 325
BCE=4 Metonic cycles=27,759 days).
Also the Hipparchic cycle=4 Callipic cycles less one day
See this link (by E. Weisstein):
http://www.treasure-troves.com/astro/LunarCycles.html
(as per the Columbia Encyclopedia):
A synodic period is the length of
time for any non Earth planet to be viewed in the same elongation from Earth.
A planet’s year, or sidereal period,
is the time required for it to complete one full circuit around the sun.
Mercury and Venus are the two inferior
planets.
(Planets with orbits closer to the Sun than Earth.)
The superior planets are Mars, Jupiter,
Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto.
When a planet lies on the line drawn
from the earth to the sun, its elongation is 0° and is said to be in conjunction.
When a planet’s elongation is 90°, it is in quadrature. When its elongation
is 180°, it is in opposition.
Venus passes through phases like
those of the moon, varying from a large bright crescent when the planet is
near inferior conjunction (nearest the earth) to a smaller silvery disk when
it is at superior conjunction (farthest from the earth).
Venus revolves around the sun at
a mean distance of c.67 million mi in a nearly circular orbit, and its period
of revolution is about 225 days.
All the planets rotate about their
own axes as they revolve around the sun; their periods of rotation vary from
just under 10 earth hours for Jupiter to 243 earth
days for Venus.
http://www.bartleby.com/65/sy/synodicp.html
(as per E. Weisstein) See his site
below:
Venus passes between the Sun and
Earth 4 times every 243 years.
http://www.treasure-troves.com/astro/EgyptianCalendar.html
(as per N. Brayer; M. Gardner) OK Egyptian Astronomy made note that:
13 (orbital)
periods of Venus ~8 Earth Sidereal years.
As early as 4000 years ago the AE CIVIL calendar was arranged to start the new
year with the helical rising of Sirius.
An AE Great year calendar (see the Mayan Codex) included:
(typically
computed) ~21,550 days.(~59 years).
(2) Sidereal
periods of Saturn?
(5) Sidereal
periods of Jupiter.
(31) Sidereal
periods of Mars.
(59) Earth
Solar years.
(96) Sidereal
periods of Venus.
(245) Sidereal
periods of Mercury.
(769) Sidereal
periods of the Earth’s Moon.
~21,609 days.
See the work by E.C. Krupp, “Egyptian Calendars.”
See also RYLANDS; [B_093].
(as per NASA)
http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/venusfact.html
Orbital parameters of Venus.
Sidereal orbit period (days)=224.701
Tropical orbit period (days)=224.695
Synodic period (days)=583.92
Sidereal rotation period (hrs)=-5832.5
Length of day (Earth hrs)=2802.0
I recall, the mean change in sunlit hours (on Earth) daily is ~3 min 56 seconds.
A secondary daily adjustment must be made to compensate for our elliptical orbit.
(as per T. E. Peet) See “Kalendarischen Inschriften” by Dumichen.
(as per S. Katary, [B_100]) See C. W. Goodwin, “Notes on the Calendar-question,”
ZAS 5 (1867) , pp. 57-60.
(as per W. Muss-Arnolt) See J. Oppert in:
Calendrier et dates Egyptiennes (De Rouge): RA X (’64) 81.
Beckerath, J. von. Chronologie des pharaonischens Ägyptens:
Die Zeit bestimmung der ägyptischen Geschichte von der Vorzeit bis 332 v.
Christ. Münchener Ägyptologische Studien 46. Mainz: Verlag Philipp von Zabern,
1997.
Depuydt, L. Civil Calendar and Lunar Calendar in Ancient Egypt.
Orientalia Lovaniensa Analecta 77. Leuven: Vitgeverij Peeters en Departement
Oosterse Studies, 1997.
Hornung, E. Untersuchungen zur Chronologie und Geschichte des
Neuen Reiches.
[B_196; See B_074]
Ägyptologische Abhandlungen
2. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 1964.
Kitchen, K. A. "The Chronology of Ancient Egypt."
World Archaeology 23/2 (October 1991): 201-208.
Parker, R. "The Calendars and Chronology." Chapter
in The Legacy of Egypt, ed. J. R. Harris, 13-26. Oxford: Oxford University
Press, 1971.
Parker, R. The Calendars of Egypt. Studies in Ancient Oriental
Civilization 26. Chicago: The Oriental Institute, 1950.
Parker, R. "Sothic Dates and Calendar 'Adjustment.'"
Revue d'Egyptologie 9 (1952): 101-08.
Parker, R. "The Sothic Dating of the Twelfth and Eighteenth
Dynasties." In Studies in Honor of George R. Hughes. Studies in Ancient
Oriental Civilization 39, pp. 177-190. Chicago: The Oriental Institute, 1977.
Wente, E. F. and Van Siclen III, C. C. "A Chronology of
the New Kingdom." In Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization 39, pp.
217-262. Chicago: The Oriental Institute, 1977.
http://www.culturediff.org/astroegypto5.htm
http://www.culturediff.org/english/astroegypto5.htm
See Muslim leap year = (Arabic) nasi
See Muslim festival of Nowruz= New Year.
See Jewish New Year=Rosh Hashanah
http://abey.home.mindspring.com/eclipses.htm
(as per M. St. John) NO CATNYP.
[B_HOUSE]
“The Egyptian Calendar,
a work for Eternity.”
Periplus, 1999.
By Dr. A. S. [Anne-Sophie]
Bomhard.
A marvelous text.
See detailed bibliography.
See BUTO.
A.S. Bomhard text on AE Calendar notes:
I wonder if in the 47 [annus
vagus] years from the close of the Sothic Cycle to the close of a Solar Cycle,
did the AE priests note any variance in the equinox? Awareness
of precession is critical to calendar and Pole star considerations.
Comparison of feasts from Hibeh,
I,.27 to Buto Stele [gap analysis]
No reasonable comparisons found!
See BUTO STELE notes at HIBEH; see [B_051].
[an alternate perspective on the NARMER PALETTE]:
http://www.lexiline.com/lexiline/lexi66.htm
See ENUMA ANU ENLIL
See HEBREW CALENDAR; GEZER;
TORAH
(as per EEF; S. Cross; 040103)
Gardiner A. H. 'Regnal Years and Civil Calendar in Pharaonic Egypt'
JEA 31 (1945) p 11-28.
[ARAB]
In the Muslim calendar the year is only 354 days long, 11 days shorter than the Western calendar system. This is because of its lunar system, where every year consists of exactly 12 moon cycles. The other common name of the Muslim calendar is "hijra", referring to the fleeing of the Prophet Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Yathrib (later Madina). The hijra calendar starts counting its days starting on July 16, 622 CE. It is commanded in the Koran that the Muslim calendar should consist of 12 purely lunar months, and there are no form of leap days or months to make up for the shortness of the year compared to the seasons.
http://i-cias.com/e.o/muhammad.htm
[B_338,rvw,LB]
CATNYP#
Sc 913.32-H
See also [B_338b,rvw]
[B_338b,rvw]
CATNYP#
Sc 913.32-H
In GM194, 59-64, Gyula Priskin launc[h]es the hypothesis that the
Greek[s] borrowed the concept of the golden ratio [phi] from Egypt.
Now as it is first found in EUCLID
who worked in Alexandria
(300 BC) that would not be impossible, in principle, however
she does not prove it by architectural proportions or similar
contexts, but via the temporal(!) (in her theory: premeditated) scheme
in the building of the Ptolemaic temples of Dendera and Edfu (i.e.
using the dates(!) in their construction history, 237 - 20 BC). I may be
dense, but I find myself totally unconvinced. Idem by the notion that
this temporal use would root in calendar issues, i.e. the relation
between civil CALENDAR
and lunar calendar [(365/29.53) = (20/phi)].
FYI: The NASA website has tables for phases of the moon, lunar and
solar eclipses:
http://sunearth.gsfc.nasa.gov/eclipse/phase/phases.-1499--1400.html
There is also an Egyptian date calculator at:
http://www.ortelius.de/kalender/form_en2.html
<snip> Be careful before reaching any firm conclusions; I have found
that
CAMBRIDGE: university; (Coptic) Manuscripts and
(Greek) ostraca
(as per EEF; P. Gould)
Christ's College, Cambridge, possesses a unique collection
of records
from the birth of Egyptology, in the form of 17 volumes of
rare Coptic
manuscripts. Mostly from the 16th and 17th centuries, these
documents
include a parchment codex which was produced as a result of
growing
interest in the mysteries of the ancient Egyptian language.
It played
a decisive role in the decipherment of hieroglyphics, and can
be said
to belong to the birth of the science of Egyptology.
The manuscripts are in urgent need of conservation - one theory
is
that they were shipwrecked, as they show signs of water damage!
To
preserve these precious documents for future generations of
scholars
and enthusiasts, Christ's College has launched a major conservation
project with the dual aims of expert restoration and long-term
preservation.
O. Camb.: (Greek; 251 bce)
http://perseus.csad.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.05.0019
CAMINOS: (Author); AE, hieratic papyrus
Ricardo Augusto Caminos 1915-.
(as per D. Meeks) seek Chronicle of Prince Osorkon. See PUSHKIN 127
by Ricardo CAMINOS.
[W_039,IMG,OS2] WATSON# 533.6 C143. "A tale of woe : from a hieratic
papyrus in the A. S. PUSHKIN Museum of Fine Arts in Moscow / by Ricardo A.
Caminos.",Oxford
1977.
AKA Papyrus PUSHKIN 127.
~1000 BCE.
Golenischeff stated these were found
in/near El Hiba [HIBEH].
Literary /epistolary / unique style
/ hieratic.
See R. Caminos,
The Chronicle of Prince Osorkon,
in Analecta Orientalia (1956). See [B_290].
(Search this link for Osorkon)
http://www.aquella.com/egypt/22nd.htm
Find this text! Late Egyptian Miscellanies
CANOPUS: (tri-lingual) decree of
(as per M. Brandt, EEF) The decree is dated II Shemu I in 238 BCE.
See (Table of) TANIS.
Hieroglyphic, Demotic and Greek.
http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Pantheon/5061/canopus.html
See discussions on the Prstt (Persians or Philistines?).
CARLSBERG: (AE;
demotic) astronomical and other papyri
At Univ. Copenhagen.
[B_046,8.5's,IGNR,V2,V3] CATNYP#
M- 10 6007 Bd.1,nr.2, "Papyrus Carlsberg No. I",
1940. Papyri #2 –4. Demotic cosmology text?
But I haven’t learnt demotic - yet.
[W_040=B_046]
WATSON# 533.6 P196.
See link below for [Greco-Roman period] astronomical papyrus
[P. Carlsberg 32] in Demotic:
At: The Carsten Niebuhr Institute of Near Eastern Studies, University of Copenhagen
http://www.hum.ku.dk/cni/papcoll/pap_dem.html
http://www.hum.ku.dk/cni/papcoll/pc32.jpg
See also my image grid:
P.
CARLSBERG 30
FRONT and BACK: Demotic, Mathematical Text
Publication: R. A. Parker, Demotic mathematical papyri (Rhode Island, 1972),
problems 68-72, plate 25.
P.
CARLSBERG 31
FRONT: Demotic, Astronomical
Publication: R. A. Parker, "Two demotic astronomical papyri in the Carlsberg
Collection", AcOr 26 (1962), 143-147, w. pl. --- O. Neugebauer - R. A.
Parker, Egyptian astronomical texts, III: Decans, planets, constellations,
and zodiacs (Rhode Island, 1960), esp. 217-220, 241-243, pl. 79.
BACK: Demotic, Wisdom Text (?)
P.
CARLSBERG 32
FRONT: Demotic, Astronomical
Publication: R. A. Parker, "Two demotic astronomical papyri in the Carlsberg
Collection", AcOr 26 (1962), 143-147, w. pl. --- O. Neugebauer - R. A.
Parker, Egyptian astronomical texts, III: Decans, planets, constellations,
and zodiacs (Rhode Island, 1960), esp. 217-220, 240-241, pl. 79.
BACK: Blank
See
also:
P. CARLSBERG 9: Calendrical
K.
Ryholt, A Demotic Version of Nectanebos' Dream (P. Carlsberg 562),
in: ZPE, vol. 122, pp. 197-200, 1998
http://www.hum.ku.dk/cni/papcoll/pap_bibl.htm#pc30
(as per LEX) Seek work by Neugebauer, Otto.
(as per AEB) The Carlsberg
Papyri 3: A Miscellany of Demotic Texts and
Studies: With Contributions by J.F. Quack, K. Ryholt, W.J. Tait, K.-Th. Zauzich.
Ed. by P.J. Frandsen and Kim Ryholt, Copenhagen, The Carsten Niebuhr Inst.
of Near Eastern Studies, 2000, CNI Publications.
(as per AEB) Ryholt, K. The Carlsberg
Papyri 4. The Story of Petese
(See PETESI) son of Petetum and
seventy other good and bad stories. Copenhagen,
(Niebuhr), 1999, CNI.
(as per D. Fowler) Seek (demotic) P. Carlsberg 9,
similar to P. Rylands iv 589.
Lunar Calendar. 9125
days/ 309 mean synodic months.
Seek the following texts:
Neugebauer and Parker; EAT iii, 220-5
Neugebauer; HAMA i, 563 f.
Parker; CAE.
http://www.hum.ku.dk/cni/papcoll/pap_bibl.html
[University of Copenhagen; publications]
CAPPADOCIA or KATPATUKA: (Cuneiform) clay tablets from
[Assyrian trade colony in Northern Anatolia]
Around 14000 tablets have been discovered at Kültepe (in modern
Turkey). These originate from an Assyrian trading post in a region of Anatolia
later controlled by the Hittites. They are roughly contemporary with the early
Isin-Larsa period in Mesopotamia. In conventional terms this corresponds to
2000-1800 BCE, and in New Chronology terms around 1800-1700. The tablets are
predominantly business documents, and illustrate commercial and negotiation
practices used at this time. The term 'Habiru', commonly identified with the
Biblical word Hebrew, appears in this archive.
http://www.abbottfamily.clara.co.uk/patriarchscontext.htm
http://www.kultur.gov.tr/english/yeni/nevsehir/capital_cappadocia.html
http://www.celynog.fsnet.co.uk/Cappadocia/history.htm
http://www.celynog.fsnet.co.uk/Cappadocia/underground.htm
http://www.bartleby.com/65/ca/Cappadoc.html
http://www.lexiline.com/lexiline/lexi57.htm
See JEWS.
CARNAVON: (AE; MK) tablet
(as per EEF; M. Hindley; 112303)
<snip>
covered with a fine plaster, the so-called
'Carnarvon Tablet' comes to
mind. Found by Lord Carnarvon [and Howard Carter]
in 1908 the board carries a text describing the defeat of the Hyksos by Kamose.
See Gardiner's article in JEA
Vol.III, pages 95 to 110 for full
description plus his translation together with photographs.
From
the reign of Ahmose or AAHMOSE;
first ruler of the 18th Dynasty?
Last ruler of the 17th dynasty?
http://www.egiptologia.com/aeo/articulos/liberacion/liberacion.htm
[Spanish]
http://www.lookandlive.com/history/qhistory6.html
See also the Kamose Stela.
CASATI:
(AE; Demotic) Papyri
CATTAOUI: (Greek) papyri
(as per E. G. Turner) See P. Cattaoui I, ed. B. P. Grenfell,
A. S. Hunt, P. M. Meyer, in archiv iii, p. 55 ff.
(as per WLGR link) See: B.P. Grenfell and A.S. Hunt, ‘Papyrus
Cattaoui', Archiv für Papyrusforschung (1903-6) 3: 55 ff.
http://www.stoa.org/diotima/anthology/wlgr/wlgr-abbreviations.shtml
http://www.sefarad.org/publication/lm/032/reveries.html
CAVE PAINTINGS: France and Spain
France cave 1
http://www.archaeology.org/found.php?page=/0005/newsbriefs/grotto.html
Arcy's images have been radiocarbon dated to 27,000-29,000 years ago, making them the second oldest cave paintings after those in the Chauvet Cave. As at Chauvet, the majority of Arcy's animals are fearsome--rhinoceroses, bears, lions, mammoths. Starting 25,000 years ago, prehistoric artists in France and Spain began decorating caves primarily with the animals they hunted. The reasons for the shift in emphasis are mysterious. Baffier describes a “change in the prehistoric artists' ideology,” while Jean Clottes, head of the team researching the Chauvet Cave, suggests a change in the environment that might have caused some of the region's fauna to disperse. Arcy is the northernmost painted cave [yet discovered] in Europe
France cave 2; See NEOLITHIC
http://magma.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/0108/feature6/
[B_473=O_043,SCHOMBURG,HOUSE]
CATNYP#
Sc E 78-329
NY,
1977.
homo-erectus:; Makapansgat Pebble From the cave of Makapansgat:
Found by Mary Leakey?
http://web.tiscali.it/museoorigini2/pagina42.html
Origin: Makapansgat (Valley of the Northern Province, South
Africa)
Absolute dating: 3.000.000 years (Dart) and 2.5 - 2.9 million years (Bednarik).
Find studied by Raymond Dart, Mary Leakey, Robert G. Bednarik (Drawing
deduced from a drawing of Bednarik).
See BRADSHAW; SILLY FELLOW;
Find “the mind in the cave: Consciousness and the Origins of Art” by David Lewis-Williams, Thames, $30. Avail via OXBOW, 2002.
CCER: a fine asset
Centre for Computer-aided Egyptological Research:
(as per M. Tilgner, EEF)
See the Catalog of the 6900 signs available in the Extended Library,
version 2
http://www.ccer.theo.uu.nl/ccer/apps/hiero/hiero.html
See also:
Prosopographia Aegypti (online)
Database of 58.000 Ancient Egyptian private names, based on the
archives of the Woerterbuch der Aegyptische Sprache
(Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften).
http://www.ccer.theo.uu.nl/ccer/apps/names/names.html
Multilingual Egyptological Thesaurus
Now consists of seven languages:
(English, Dutch, German, French, Italian, Spanish and Portuguese).
The online version also has a translation module.
http://www.ccer.theo.uu.nl/ccer/apps/thesaurus/index.html
Computer program that provides automatic translations of ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic texts:
http://www.geocities.com/Paris/Palais/1560/
CDLI: cuneiform archive
http://early-cuneiform.humnet.ucla.edu/digitlib.html
http://early-cuneiform.humnet.ucla.edu/EVORMUSEUM.HTM
CELSUS: as roasted by ORIGENIS
http://www.graciouscall.org/books/fathers/anf04/anf0463.html#P11546_3177440
Origen states that he had heard that there were two individuals
of this name, both of them Epicureans, the earlier of the two having lived
in the time of Nero, and the other in the time of Adrian, or later.
Redepenning is of opinion that Celsus must have composed his work in the time of
Marcus Aurelius (161-180 a.d.), on account of his supposed mention of the
Marcionites (whose leader did not make his appearance at Rome before 142 a.d.),
and of the Marcellians (followers of the Carpocratian Marcellina), a sect
which was founded after the year 155 a.d. under Bishop Anicetus.
http://www.graciouscall.org/books/fathers/anf04/anf0441.html#P6089_1027792
See CUBITS.
[B_257,8.5,no cubits,medicine]
CATNYP# *R-NRDZ C331
.D34 Vol 1, 2, 3
“De Medicina / Celsus ; with an English tr. by W. G. Spencer”
Celsus, Aulus Cornelius
Cambridge, Mass. : Harvard Press, 1935-38 (reprint 1971-94)
“The remaining part of my work relates
to the bones; …”
[B_251=P_001,8.5,folded]
CATNYP# ZEM++ (Origen.
Opera omnia quae Graece vel Latine tantum extant)
4 volumes. Parisiis
: J. Vincent, 1733-1759.
Origenes Contra Celsus,
Tome one, pages 785 and 786.
Lepsius refers to this in [B_149]. This rare 1733 text makes note of
Celsus’ Ancient Greek mentionings of cubits and has a Latin Commentary.
Text below was copied from the actual title page:
Origenus ta heuriskomena panta.
Origenis
opera omnia
quae Graece vel Latine tantum exstant
et ejus nomine
circumfentur,
Ex Variis Editionibus, & Codicibus
manu earatis, Gallicanis,
Italicis, Germanicis & Anglicis
collecta, recensita, latine versa,
atque annotationibus illustrata, cum
copiosis indicibus, vita
Auctoris, & multis dissertationibus.
Opera & studio Domni Caroli Delarue,
Presbyteri & Monachi
Benedictini e Congregatione S. Mauri.
TOMUS PRIMUS
PARISIIS,
Typis JACOBI VINCENT, via Sancti Severini,
ad insigne Angeli.
M D C C XXX III
CUM PRIVILEGIO REGIS
The text's pages are divided into a column of Celsus' Greek
with Latin translations/commentary at the side. The specified footnote entry
begins on, and is primarily seen on, page 785 and ends on 786.
This is entry number 58 of the premier tome.
It [the Latin] begins as follows:
58. Pergit Celsus: Nihil in hisce rebus vel minimum esse cujus
cura non alicui potestati mandata fuerit, id discere licet ex AEgyptiis, qui
aiunt sex & triginta daemones aut aethereos quosdam deos (sunt etiam qui
plures numerent) corporis in totidem partes divisi alium alius partis curam
suscipere jussos suisse. Sciunt etiam daemonum illorum nomina linguae suae
propria, ut Chnoumen, Chnachoumen, Cnat, Sicat, Biou, Erou, Erebiou, Ramanor,
Reianoor, & alia quae sua lingua nominant.....About 200 words in all,
plus a large footnote.
Ramanor, is REMEN!
Seek astronomical info from this texts excerpts.
The above was also quoted in:
“Biot, Memoire sur le Zodiac circulaire
de Denderah”
NO CATNYP.
I additionally found
an issue of "Origenes, Contra Celsum" by Robert Bader, 1940, Stuttgart.
I reserved this at NYPL so that I could examine the bibliography more closely
for references to the older version. (above)
See also TBZAW.
(Which makes a reference to a similar Latin/Greek text from 1605. Reprint Below)
[B_258,8.5] CATNYP# *ZET
(Origen, contra celsus libri VIII)
“Contra Celsum Libri
VIII, et Gregori Neocaesar…”
Augustae Vindelicorum,
1605.
See sections 58 and 60. In Latin, begin on page 423-427.
See hymn of Minerva page 429.
Remen [Ramanoor] on page 424.
[B_383,rvw] CATNYP# ZFD (Hippolytus. Philosophumena)
“Philosophumena; or, The refutation of all heresies, formerly attributed to Origen, but now to Hippolytus, bishop and martyr, who flourished about 220 A. D. Translated from the text of Cruice, by F. Legge.” Two volumes.
London, Society for promoting Christian knowledge; New York, 1921.
CEN: title
CEN=Cenotaph of Seti I at Abydos, 1933, Frankfort.
NO CATNYP, NO WATSONLINE.
Frankfort , H . and De Buck , A . and Gunn , B . The Cenotaph of Seti I at Abydos , 2 vol. , Memoir of the Egypt exploration society , Egypt exploration society , London , 1933 .
http://perso.infonie.fr/sethy/Sethy50a.html
http://www.sover.net/~rc/deep_secrets/bibliography.html
See SETI I; [O_004]
“The Cenotaph of Seti I at Abydos / by H. Frankfort
with chapters by A De Buck and Battiscombe Gunn in two volumes [volume 1:
text; volume two: plates] [within] Thirty-Ninth memoir of the Egypt Exploration
Society [1933].”
*Not found in CATNYP but see old catalog volume 225; page 43; card ?
Volume I:
Chapter VII on Decans
Chapter VIII on Shadow clock and Borchardt’s proposition that this was used
in conjunction with a cubit. See p. 77 reference to a length of 5 spans [a
double remen?]
Plates of Seti I cartouche and Decan charts and Book of Gates
Plate LXXXVII: ENIGMATIC SCRIPT.
See also
[B_442=O_006,no copy]
CATNYP# *OBL++ (Capart, J. Abydos)
“Abydos, Le Temple de Seti Ier; etude generale par Jean Capart.”
Bruxelles, 1912.
Images of glyphs of lesser quality than in text above.
[B_588,no
copy]
CATNYP# *OBL+++
“EES-Arch. Survey / the Temple
of Sethos I at Abydos.”
By Alan H. Gardiner.
*Not found in CATNYP but see old catalog volume 225; page 44; card 21
Images of glyphs of lesser quality than in text above.
V. 1
Plate 33: Offering of 5 ducks
Plates 37-39: Air shafts in tomb
V. 2:
Plate 32: math content; account; distribution quantities from 1-20 pieces
of fowl and food stuffs with image of HPP or Sem priest of Ptah at right.
Plate 35: similar to above; account
Plate 43-45: Air shafts
CENTAURUS: publication
http://tidsskrift.kb.dk/centaurus/cgi-bin/showarticle.pl?indgang&ar_id=113
(as per Milo Gardner)
See EGYPTIAN MATH; RMP; EMLR; KAHUN; BERLIN; AKHMIM
[B_459,8.5,SIBL] CATNYP# JSP 92-191
“Centaurus”
See this link to a pdf of Bruins’ work in Centaurus XIX (1975) no. 4 pp. 241-5: “The part in Ancient Egyptian Mathematics.”
http://tidsskrift.kb.dk/centaurus/cgi-bin/showarticle.pl?indgang&ar_id=113
http://tidsskrift.kb.dk/centaurus/index.pl
CG: catalog
See CAIRO (Museum)
CG=CG=CGC=Catalogue General du Musee du Caire, 1901-
[B_302,OS; Akhmim wood tablets]
CATNYP# *OBKM+(Cairo.
Musee des Antiquites Egyptiennes. Catalogue General. Ostraca hieratiques)
“Catalogue General
des Antiquites Egyptiennes du Musee du Caire”
See 1901 volume with No.s 25001-25385 par M. G. Daressy [See Akhmim]
See 1930-1935 volume with No.s 25501-25832 par Jaroslav Cerny.
See 1904-1907 volume with steingefasse [stone vessels].
CHAMPOLLION: (Author(s))
Jean-Francois Champollion (1790-1832)
Decipherer of Glyphs and Man of Wonder.
See Lepsius’ [B_149], numerous references to the works of all
of the family!
[B_204,hand,sm IMGS,IGNR] CATNYP#
*OBL++ (Champollion, J.F. Monuments de l’Egypte et de la Nubie) (Locked Cage)
“Monuments de l’Egypte
et de la Nubie; notices descriptives conformes aux manuscrits autographes
rediges sur les lieux par Champollion le Jeune.”
Paris, F. Didot freres,
1844-1889.
I was digging for the following text and found this first.
No copies.
[B_205,OS IMGS,NO COPY] CATNYP#
*OBL+++ (Champollion, J.F. Monuments de l’Egypte et de la Nubie)
“Monuments de l’Egypte
et de la Nubie, d’apres les dessins executes sur les lieux sous la direction
de Champollion-le-Jeune, et les descriptions autographes qu’il en a redigees;
pub. Sous les auspices de M. Guizot et de M. Thiers…par une commission speciale.
Planches…”
Paris, Firmin Didot
freres, 1835-1845.
See Lepsius’ [B_149], references to plates 206 and 321, cubits.
My notes:
Yes, there are only four tomes.
No, this does not mean that 4 books is the sum of the collection.
Actually this set is made of 7 (SEVEN) separate books! (or
MORE!)
Tome one, Volume 1, contains plates 1 through 101. (This is
the huge one, 35 kilos.)
Tome one, Volume 2, contains plates 101 through 145. (This
volume and the rest are lighter.)
Tome two, Volume 1, contains plates 146 through 200.
Tome three, Volume 1, contains plates 201 through 248. (Leppy
footnote to plate 206)
Tome three, Volume 2, contains plates 249 through 300.
Tome four, Volume 1, contains plates 301 through 375. (Leppy
footnote to plate 321)
Tome four, Volume 2, contains plates 376 through 446.
(The NYPL specifies 511 plates!, they must be missing other
volumes!)
Plate 321, found in T4V1 is a description of the obelisk at
the entrance to Luxor Temple.
(I have been there and photographed the obelisk. It is still
in very good condition.)
Plate Heading: "Thebes-Louqsor [LUXOR]".
(showing what is poorly described as the 3rd and 4th side of
the obelisk.)
The image contains the frequent appearance of the bent arm
glyphs and hand glyphs.
I spent many hours looming over this magnificent set of books.
Below I note other interesting items found:
P38, T1V1
Plate XXXVIII-Shows an image from Ipsamboul. Bent arm glyphs
and math content. See MATH: prior to 1601
P45, T1V1
Plate XLV-Shows math content. See MATH: prior to 1601
P61, T1V1
Plate LXI, Figure three-Shows what appears to be a glyph message
about land portioning and/or proportion! This also contains bent arm glyphs.
See MATH: prior to 1601
P71, T1V1
Plate LXXI-Shows an odd glyph which I am unsure of that is
made of two arms facing away from each other and connected by a squat obelisk.
Glyph not identified via Gardiner’s Grammar [B_209].
P91.4, T1V1
Plate XCI (ter), Figure one-Shows a glyph that strongly resembles
a plumb-bob. See CONSTRUCTION.
P101 and 106, T1V1
See Sorek (Sobek?)
P115 and 116, T1V1
Plate CXV and CXVI, See a possible arithmetic progression,
Math. See MATH: prior to 1601
P122, T1V1
Plate CXXII, See esseboua, [Wadi
Es Seboua?]
P125, T1V1
Plate CXXV, See Edfou, killed snake
P145, T1V1
Plate CXLV, See Esneh AKA Esna, Horus as a crocodile.
P159, T2V1
Plate CLIX, See MAKOU.
P163.2, T2V1 See BELLOWS.
Plate CLXIII, See use of forced air as fuel in coal bed.
P163.4, T2V1
Plate CLXIII, See use of BELLOWS
for baking.
P166.3, T2V1
Plate CLXVI, See development of BELLOWS
from an inflated organ.
P186, T2V1
Plate CLXXXVI, See wood carving tools. See CONSTRUCTION.
P192, T2V1
Plate CXCII, See Wheel manufacture in edifice of Thutmosis
III.
See CONSTRUCTION.
P272.4, T3V2
Plate CCLXXII (ter)-Shows an image which seems to represent
constellations in the reign of Ramses V. Possible calendrical math. See MATH: prior to 1601
P272.5, T3V2
Plate CCLXXII (quint)-Shows cubits,
remen, and setat!
P275, T3V2
Plate CCLXXV-Shows an image from Biban-el Molouk that may contain
lunar eclipse data! See MATH: prior to 1601.
P276, T3V2
Plate CCLXXVI-Shows an image from Biban-el Molouk that may
also contain lunar eclipse data! See MATH: prior
to 1601.
These last two have me quite piqued! I hope to explain why.
I found the plate 206 from the hugely oversized books:
"Monuments de l'Egypte et de la Nubie”
Note: I could barely lift the large volume one, 35 kilos!
Plate 206 shows the triple lotus symbol (3000) many times and
this 19th Dynasty Ramses-something inscription from Medinat-Habu shows the
bent arm glyph(s) a few times also.
This with a procession of a Royal Party.
(If you know something of the BARKS or BARQUES, this is a good
example).
The Royal party includes:
2 of the Pharaohs sons (Princes).
A few Army chiefs.
Many prisoners shown with arms knotted together (with cords)
over their heads.
Some Army Officers.
Some scribes recording the total killed by counting (removed)
hands and phalluses.
See my notes about the knife handle, Item A# 26.241.1; 16.2.22 (in Gallery One), at the Met. See Narmer.It has similar (older) depictions.
Jean-Francois CHAMPOLLION, Precis du systeme hieroglyphique des anciens Egyptiens, 2nd ed.
L'Impremerie Royale. Paris, 1828. Reprinted by Elibron Classics, 2001. 528 pp. Preview the text; no plates; USD 9.95.
http://www.elibron.com/english/other/item_detail.phtml?msg_id=10004393
P.Charite: Das Aurelia Charite Archiv
P.Charite 1. Application to lease:
(Greek; AD 314?; from Hermoupolis Magna)
http://perseus.csad.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.05.0093
CHARLEMAGNE: (Great Ruler of France b. 742 -d.
814 AD)
AKA Charles the Great; AKA Charles I.
[B_404,HOUSE] CATNYP# JFD 73-361
“The Life of Charlemagne
by Einhard with a foreword by
Sidney Painter.”
Pub. The University
of Michigan Press; 1960.
Translated from “Monumenta Germaniae” by Samuel Epes Turner.
See also “Vita Caroli Magni.” Written by Einhard between 817 and 836 AD.
Succeeded by his son Louis the Pious who appointed Einhard as his private Secretary.
http://www.virginia.edu/~history/courses/fall.01/hieu201/images/image5.html
CHELSEA: home away from home
Post office @ chelsea:
217 w. 18th st (between 7th and 8th Ave.)
800 275 8777or 212 675 2414 or special# 212 675 0548
m 8-6
t 8-6
w 8-6
th 8-8 ??
f 8-6
sa 9-4
su ? 9-4 no hrs?
(212)
989-1668
[get a job]
[find a subway]
CHESTER BEATTY: (Author); papyri;
biblical papyri
Sir Alfred Chester Beatty 1875-1968.
[B_047txt,8.5's, and 047b,IMG,PIX,r06.1; r07.1]
CATNYP# OBR+ (British Museum. Egyptian and Assyrian Antiquities,
Department of Hieratic Papyri) "Hieratic papyri in the British Museum.
Third Series: Chester Beatty
gift, edited by Alan H. Gardiner", London, 1935, for text.
As above also CATNYP# OBR+++(the same) for plates. [B_047b,IMG,PIX,r06.1]
As per the above text:
The Scribe/ author of C.B. III is Kenhikhopshef who is in turn mentioned twice in SALT P. 124.
C.B. IX = B.M. 10689, is Similar to
TURIN
P. in that both relate the Ritual of Amenophis.
C.B. XVI is shown in Peet's “Great Tomb Robberies.” See ABBOTT.
C.B. XIX = B.M. 10699 is similar to
SALLIER P. II.
(as per S. Lorber) Seek Papyrus Chester Beatty 3.5 and III and VI and VII and C.B. XVII?= B.M. 10697.
[B_067,rvw] CATNYP# *OBR 76-1870, "Love songs
of the New Kingdom. Translated from the ancient Egyptian by John L. Foster.
Illustrated with hieroglyphs drawn by the translator and with paintings from
Egyptian tombs by Nina M. Davies." New York, Scribner [1974].
above text refers to and includes translations of:
P. Chester Beatty I=
songs of great heart's ease, love song
Cairo ostracon 25218 = songs
P. Harris 500 = songs
of the garden and = songs of the birdcatcher's daughter
P. Turin 1966 = songs
of the orchard
(as per R.A. Parker) C.B. III is the earliest dreambook. It was copied during Ramses II from a ?12th dynasty original. See VIENNA, ENUMA ANU ENLIL.
[B_119,rvw]
CATNYP# JFE 94-10031,
By Albert Pietersma(n), Leiden, 1994.
Includes references to C.B. XVI and,
P. Vindobonensis 29456 and 29828. (Greek)
http://208.240.130.28/library/projects/misc/papyri/P45.htm
1. Fasc i, General Introduction, ed. F. G. Kenyon, 1933.
2. Fasc ii, The Gospels and Acts, F. G. Kenyon, 1933.
3. Fasc iii, Pauline Epistles and the Revelation, F. G. Kenyon, 1934.
4. Fasc iv, Genesis, F. G. Kenyon,
1934. See Plates. See TORAH.
8. Fasc viii, Enoch and Melito, F. G. Kenyon, See Plates 1941.
P. Chester Beatty V rt. 7,
12-8, 1.
Mentions assessment, “Chief Assessing Master”.
(as per L.
Bailey) See C.B. I: [the contendings of Horus and Seth]
“Thereupon Neith, the mighty, the
god’s mother, sent a letter to the Ennead, saying: Give the office of Osiris
to his son Horus, and do not do those great acts of wickedness which are not
in their place, else I shall be angry, and the heaven shall crash to the ground.”
I passed close to his house and discovered his door ajar.
My brother stood aside his mother and all his kin.
Love for him ensnares the heart of everyone who strolls along the road.
A precious boy! He has no peer. His character's beyond reproach.
My brother gazed at me as I walked by, but I exult alone.
How happily my heart rejoices, O my brother, since first I beheld you! If
my mother knew my heart, she'd go inside his house for a little while.
O Golden One, put that thought in her head. Then I'd hasten to my brother
and kiss him before his companions, nor would I be embarrassed before them
all.
I'd rejoice to have them see that you are acquainted with me.
I'd keep festival to my goddess. My heart leaps to go forth and gaze upon
my beloved brother tonight.
How lovely the passing by!
CHICAGO: University; (Greek) papyri
(Mr. Charles E. Jones, Research Associate,
Bibliographer)
The Oriental Institute, Chicago
1155 E. 58th St. Chicago IL
60637-1569
ce-jones@uchicago.edu
http://www-oi.uchicago.edu/OI/DEPT/RA/Research_Arch.html
http://oilib.uchicago.edu/oilibcat.html
[B_103,rvw] CATNYP# *OAC (Studies in Ancient Oriental
Civilization no. 39).
Above text refers to:
King Wahkare Ahtoy;
Demotic magical P. of London and Leiden;
Amduat;
Naucratis stela;
P. Harkness;
Akhenaten;
Medinet Habu reliefs;
Cairo Ostracon;
Tomb of Queen Tiyi.
Is the Edwin Smith P. in Chicago?
(as per Y. Koenig) Seek P. Chicago I. 92, Magical?
See also: The Philinna Papyrus Incantation and the Scorpion Wives of Horus.
(as per E. G. Turner) P. Chic.
Goodspeed, “Papyri from Karanis in
the Chicago Museum”, ed. F. J. Goodspeed, Chicago, 1902.
CHINESE MATHEMATICS: I have only dabbled
2.1. Martzloff, Jean-Claude.
“Chinese Mathematics”. In Companion Encyclopedia of the History and Philosophy
of the Mathematical Sciences. Vol. I. Edited by Ivor Grattan-Guinness.
London: Routledge (1994), 93-103.
2.2. Li Yan, and Du Shiran.
Chinese Mathematics, Concise History. Translated by John N. Crossley
and Anthony W.-C. Lun. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987.
2.3. Martzloff, Jean-Claude.
Histoire des mathématiques chinoises. Paris: Masson, 1987. Revised
as A History of Chinese Mathematics, translated by Stephen S. Wilson. Berlin:
Springer-Verlag, 1997.
2.4. Mikami, Yoshio. The
Development of Mathematics in China and Japan. Leipzig: Teubner, 1913.
Reprinted New York: Chelsea, 1974. [pp. 1-155]
2.5. Needham, Joseph, and
Wang Ling. Mathematics and the Sciences of the Heavens and the Earth.
Vol. 3 of Science and Civilisation in China. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press, 1959. [pp. 1-168]
2.6. Berezkina, El’vira
Ivanovna. Matematika drevnego Kitaya. (Mathematics of ancient China,
in Russian) Moscow: Nauka, 1980.
2.7. Cullen, Christopher.
“An Eighth Century Chinese Table of Tangents”. Chinese Science 5 (1982),
1-33.
2.8. Chemla, Karine. “Qu’est-ce
qu’un problème dans la tradition mathématique de la Chine ancienne? Quelques
indices glanés dans les commentaires rédigés entre le 3ième et le 7ième siècles
au classique Han Les neuf chapitres sur les procédures mathématiques”. In
La valeur de l’exemple. Perspective chinoises.(Extrême-Orient, Extrême-Occident,
19.) Saint-Denis: Presses Universitaires de Vincennes, 1997, 91-126.
2.9. Chemla, Karine. “De
la signification mathématique de marqueurs de couleurs dans le commentarie
de Liu Hui”. In Linguistique en Asie Orientale. Mélanges en hommage
à Alexis Rygaloff. Edited by Alain Peyraube, Irène Tamba, and Alain Lucas.
(Cahiers de Linguistique-Asie Orientale, 23.) Pairs: Ecole des Hautes Etudes
en Sciences Sociales. Centre de recherches linguistiques sur l’Asie Orientale,
1994, 61-76.
2.10. Needham, Joseph. “Mathematics
and Science in China and the West”. Science & Society 20 (1956),
320-343.
2.11. Siu Man-Keung. “Mathematics
Education in Ancient China: What Lesson Do We Learn From It?” Historia
Scientiarum 4 (1995), 223-232.
2.12. Smith, David Eugene.
“Unsettled Questions Concerning the Mathematics of China”. The Scientific
Monthly 33 (September, 1931), 244-250.
2.13. Swetz, Frank J. “The
’Piling Up of Squares’ in Ancient China”. Mathematics Teacher 70 (1977),
72-79.
2.14. Volkov, A. “Transformation
of Objects in Ancient Chinese Mathematics And Their Evolution”. In Notions
et perceptions du changement en Chine. Edited by V. Alleton and A. Volkov.
Paris: Collège de France, 1994, 133-148.
2.15. Wu Wen-tsun (Wu Wenjun;
Wu Wenchun). “The Out-In Complementary Principle”. In Ancient China’s Technology
and Science. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 1983, 66-89.
2.16. Yushkevich, Adol’f
Pavlovich. “O dostizheniyakh kitaiiskikh uchenykh v oblasti matematiki”. (On
the achievements of Chinese scholars in the field of mathematics, in Russian).
Istoriko-matematicheskie issledovaniya (Studies in history of mathematics)
8 (1955), 539-572. Reprinted in I. V. Kuznetsov et al., eds., Iz istorii
nauki i tekhniki Kitaya (On the History of Science and echnology in China).
Moscow: Academy of Sciences, 1955, 130-159.
2.17. Ang Tian-Se, and F.
J. Swetz. “A Chinese Mathematical Classic of the Third Century: The Sea Island
Manual of Liu Hui”. Historia Mathematica 13 (1986), 99-117.
2.18. Chemla, Karine. “Relations
between procedure and demonstration. Measuring the circle in the Nine Chapters
on Mathematical Procedures and the commentary by Liu Hui (3rd century)”.
In H. N. Jahnke, N. Knoche, and M. Otte, eds., History of Mathematics and
Education: Ideas and Experiences. Goettingen: Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht,
1996, 69-112.
2.19. Cullen, Christopher.
Astronomy and Mathematics in Ancient China: the Zhou Bi Suan Jing.
Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
2.20. Gillon, Brendan S.
“Introduction, Translation, and Discussion of Chao Chun-Ch’ing’s ‘Notes to
the Diagrams of Short Legs and Long Legs and of Squares and Circles’”. Historia
Mathematica 4 (1977), 253-293.
2.21. Ho Peng-Yoke. “The
Lost Problem of the Chang Ch’iu-chien Suan Ching, a Fifth-Century Chinese
Mathematical Manual”. Oriens Extremus 12 (1965), 37-53.
2.22. Lam Lay Yong. “Yang
Hui’s commentary on the ‘ying nu‘ chapter of the Chiu Chang Suan
Shu. Historia Mathematica 1 (1974), 54-55.
2.23. Lam Lay Yong. “Jiu
Zhang Suanshu (Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art): An Overview”. Archive
for History of Exact Sciences 47 (1994), 1-51.
2.24. Lam Lay Yong. “Zhang
Qiujian Suanjing (The Mathematical Classic of Zhang Qiujian): An Overview”.
Archive for History of Exact Sciences 50 (1997), 201-240.
2.25. Lam Lay Yong, and
Ang Tian-Se. Fleeting Footsteps. Tracing the Conception of Arithmetic and
Algebra in Ancient China. Singapore: World Scientific, 1992.
2.26. Swetz, Frank J. The
Sea Island Mathematical Manual: Surveying and Mathematics in Ancient China.
Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1992.
2.27. Wagner, D. B. “Doubts
Concerning the Attribution of Liu Hui’s Commentary on the Chiu-chang suan-shu”.
Acta Orientalia 39 (1978), 199-212.
2.28. Chemla, Karine. “Nombres,
opérations et équations en divers fonctionnements: Quelques méthodes de comparaison
entre des procéd res élaborées dans trois mondes différents”. In Nombres,
astres, plantes et viscères: Sept essais sur l’histoire des sciences et des
techniques en Asie orientale. Edited by Isabelle Ang and Pierre-Etienne
Will. Paris: Institut des Hautes Etudes Chinoises, 1994, 1-36.
2.29. Lam Lay Yong. “The
Conceptual Origin of our Numeral System and the Symbolic Form of Algebra”.
Archive for History of Exact Sciences 36 (1986), 183-195.
2.30. Lam Lay Yong. “A Chinese
Genesis: Rewriting the History of Our Numeral System”. Archive for History
of Exact Sciences 38 (1988), 101-108.
2.31. Mei Rongzhao. “The
Decimal Place-Value Numeration and the Rod and Bead Arithmetics”. In Ancient
China’s Technology and Science. Beijing: Foreign Language Press, 1983,
57-65.
2.32. Volkov, A. “Large
Numbers and Counting Rods”. In Sous les nombres, le monde: Matériaux pour
l’histoire culturel le du nombre en Chine ancienne. (Extrême-Orient,
Extrême-Occident, 16.) Saint-Denis: Presses Universitaires de Vincennes,
1994, 71-92.
2.33. Chemla, Karine. “Les
fractions comme modèle formel en Chine ancienne”. In Histoire de fractions,
fractions d’histoire. Edited by P. Benoit, K. Chemla and J. Ritter. Basel:
Birkhauser, 1992, 188-207.
2.34. Poor, Robert. “The
Circle and the Square: Measure and Ritual in Ancient China”. Monumenta
Serica 43 (1995), 159-210.
2.35. Volkov, A. “Supplementary
Data on the Values of pi in the History of Chinese Mathematics”. Philosophy
and the History of Science. Taiwanese Journal 3 (1994), 95-110.
2.36. Cammann, Schuyler.
“The Evolution of Magic Squares in China”. Journal of the American Oriental
Society 80 (1960), 116-124.
2.37. Cammann, Schuyler.
“The Magic Square of Three in Old Chinese Philosophy and Religion”. History
of Religions 1 (1961), 37-80.
2.38. Cammann, Schuyler.
“Old Chinese Magic Squares”. Sinologica 7 (1962), 14-53.
2.39. Ang Tian-Se. “The
Use of Interpolation Techniques in Chinese Calendar”. Oriens Extremus 23
(1976), 135-151.
2.40. Lam Lay Yong. “Linkages:
Exploring the Similarities Between the Chinese Rod Numeral System and our
Numeral System”. Archive for History of Exact Sciences 37 (1979), 365-392.
2.41. Lam Lay Yong. “The
Development of Hindu-Arabic and Traditional Chinese Arithmetic”. Chinese
Science 13 (1996), 35-54.
2.42. Chemla, Karine. “Theoretical
Aspects of the Chinese Algorithmic Tradition (first to third century)”. Historia
Scientiarum 42 (1991), 75-98.
2.43. Chemla, Karine. “Des
nombres irrationnels en Chine entre le premier et le troisième siècle”. Revue
d’Histoire des Sciences 45 (1992), 135-140.
2.44. Chemla, Karine. “Fractions
and Irrationals: Between Algorithm And Proof In Ancient China”. Studies
in History of Medicine and Science (New Series) 15 (1-2) (1997-98), 31-54.
2.45. Chemla, Karine. “Similarities
between Chinese and Arabic Mathematical Documents (I): Root Extraction”. Arabic
Sciences and Philosophy 2 (4) (1994), 207-266.
2.46. Gauchet, L. “Note
sur la généralisation de l’extraction de la racine carré chez les anciens
auteurs chinois et quelques problèmes du Jiuzhang suanshu”. T’oung
Pao 15 (1914), 531-550.
2.47. Lam Lay Yong. “The
Geometrical Basis of the Ancient Chinese Square Root Method”. Isis 61
(1969), 96-102.
2.48. Wang Ling, and Joseph
Needham. “Horner’s Method in Chinese Mathematics; its Origins in the Root-Extraction
Proced res of the Han Dynasty”. T’oung Pao 43 (1955), 345-401.
2.49. Guo Shuchun. “The
Numerical Solution of Higher Equations and the Tianyuan Method”. In Ancient
China’s Technology and Science, Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 1983,
111-123.
2.50. Lam Lay Yong. “The
Chinese Connexion Between the Pascal Triangle and the Solution of Numerical
Equations of any Degree”. Historia Mathematica 7 (1980), 407-424.
2.51. Lam Lay Yong. “Chinese
Polynomial Equations in the Thirteenth Century”. In Explorations in The
History of Science and Technology in China. Edited by Li Guohao, et al.
Shanghai: Chinese Classics Publishing House, 1982, 231-272.
2.52. Lam Lay Yong and Ang
Tian-Se. “The Earliest Negative Numbers: How They Emerged from a Solution
of Simultaneous Linear Equations”. Archives internationales d’histoire
des sciences 37 (1987), 222-262.
2.53. Lam Lay Yong and Shen
Kangsheng. “Methods of Solving Linear Equations in Traditional China”. Historia
Mathematica 16 (1989), 107-122.
2.54. Chemla, Karine. “Reflections
on the World-Wide History of the Rule of False Double Position, or: How a
Loop was Closed”. Centaurus 39 (1997), 97-120.
2.55. Lam Lay Yong and Shen
Kangsheng. “Mathematical Problems on Surveying in Ancient China”. Archive
for History of Exact Sciences 36 (1986), 1-20.
2.56. Lam Lay Yong and Shen
Kangsheng. “Right-angled Triangles in Ancient China”. Archive for History
of Exact Sciences 30 (1984), 87-112.
2.57. Swetz, Frank J., and
T. I. Kao. Was Pythagoras Chinese? An Examination of Right Triangle Theory
in Ancient China. University Park: The Pennsylvania State University Press,
1977.
2.58. He Shaogeng. “Method
for Determining Segment Areas and Evaluation of pi”. In Ancient China’s
Technology and Science. Beijing: Foreign Language Press, 1983, 90-98.
2.59. Jami, Catherine. “Une
histoire chinoise du nombre pi”. Archive for History of Exact Sciences
38 (1988), 39-50.
2.60. Liu Dun. “A Comparison
of Archimedes’ and Liu Hui’s Studies of Circles”. In Chinese Studies in
the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology. Edited by Fan Dainian
and Robert S. Cohen. Dordrecht: Kl wer Academic Publishers, 1996, 279-289.
2.61. Smeur, A. J. E. M..
“On the Value Equivalent of pi in Ancient Mathematical Texts. A New
Interpretation”. Archive for History of Exact Sciences 6 no. 4 (1970),
249-270.
2.62. Volkov, A. “Calculation
of pi in Ancient China: from Liu Hui to Zu Chongzhi”. Historia Scientiarum
4 (1994), 139-157.
2.63. Volkov, A. “Zhao Youqin
and his calculation of pi”. Historia Mathematica 24 (1997), 301-331.
2.64. Wang Ling. “A New
Suggestion on Tzu Ch’ung-Chih’s [=Zu Chongzhi] Method of Finding the Value
of pi and its Significance in the History of Mathematics”. Papers
on Far Eastern History 16 (1977), 161-165.
2.65. Zha You-Liang. “Research
on Tsu Ch’ung-Chih’s [=Zu Chongzhi] Approximate Method for pi”. In Science
and Technology in Chinese Civilization. Edited by Chen Cheng-Yih. Singapore:
World Scientific P blishing Co., 1987, 77-86.
2.66. Fu Daiwie. “Why Did
Liu Hui Fail to Derive the Volume of a Sphere?” Historia Mathematica 18
(1991), 212-238.
2.67. Wagner, Donald B.
“Liu Hui and Tsu Keng-chih [=Zu Gengzhi] on the Volume of a Sphere”. Chinese
Science 3 (1978), 59-79.
2.68. Wagner, Donald B.
“An Early Derivation of the Volume of a Pyramid: Liu Hui, Third Century AD”.
Historia Mathematica 6 (1979), 164-188.
2.69. Lam Lay Yong and Shen
Kangsheng. “The Chinese Concept of Cavalieri’s Principle and its Applications”.
Historia Mathematica 12 (1985), 219-228.
2.70. Libbrecht, Ulrich.
“Mathematical Manuscripts from the Tunhuang Caves”. In Explorations in
The History of Science and Technology in China. Edited by Li Guohao, et
al. Shanghai: Chinese Classics Publishing House, 1982, 203-229.
2.71. Chemla, Karine. “Méthodes
infinitésimales en Chine et en Grèce anciennes: les limites d’un parallèle”.
In Le labyrinthe du continu. Edited by H. Sinaceur and J. M. Salanskis.
Berlin: Springer, 1992, 31-46.
2.72. Chen Cheng-Yih. “A
Comparative Study of Early Chinese and Greek Work on the Concept of Limit”.
In Science and Technology in Chinese Civilization. Edited by Chen Cheng-Yih.
Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Co., 1987, 3-52.
2.73. Horng Wann-Sheng.
“How Did Liu Hui Perceive the Concept of Infinity: A Revisit”. Historia
Scientiarum 4 (1995), 207-222.
2.74. Chemla, Karine. “What
is at Stake in Mathematical Proofs from Third Century China?” Science in
Context 10 (2) (1997), 227-251.
2.75. Siu Man-Keung. “Proof
and Pedagogy in Ancient China: Examples from Liu Hui’s Commentary on the Jiu
Zhang Suan Shu”. Educational Studies in Mathematics 24 (1993),
345-357.
2.76. Brenier, Joël. “Notation
et optimisation du calcul des grands nombres en Chine: Le cas de l’échiquier
de go dans le Mengqi bitan de Shen Gua (1086)”. In Nombres, astres,
plantes et viscères: Sept essais sur l’histoire des sciences et des techniques
en Asie orientale. Edited by Isabelle Ang and Pierre-Etienne Will. Paris:
Institut des Hautes Etudes Chinoises, 1994, 89-111.
2.77. Hoe, John [Jock].
Les systèmes d’équations polynomes dans le Siyuan Yujian (1303). Paris:
Collège de France, Institut des Hautes Etudes Chinoises, 1977, 341 pp.
2.78. Lam Lay Yong. “The
Jih Yung Suan Fa [ Riyong suan fa]: an Elementary Textbook of
the Thirteenth Century”. Isis 63 (1972), 370-383.
2.79. Lam Lay Yong. Critical
Study of the Yang Hui Suan Fa, a Thirteenth-Century Mathematical Treatise.
Singapore: Singapore University Press, 1977.
2.80. Lam Lay Yong. “Chu
Shih-chieh’s Suan Hsueh Ch’i-meng [Introduction to Mathematical Studies]”.
Archive for History of Exact Sciences 21 (1979), 1-31.
2.81. Lam Lay Yong and Ang
Tian-Se. “Li Ye and his Yi Gu Yan Duan (= Yigu yanduan) [Old Mathematics
in Expanded Sections]”. Archive for History of Exact Sciences 29 (1984),
237-266.
2.82. Libbrecht, Ulrich.
Chinese Mathematics in the Thirteenth Century. The Shu-shu Chiu-chang of
Ch’in Chiu-shao. Cambridge, MA: MI Press, 1973.
2.83. Chen Weiping. “On
the ‘arriving at principles from numbers’ method of thought in the late-Ming,
early-Qing period: A look at the nature of late-Ming, early-Qing thought from
one angle”. Chinese Studies in Philosophy 22 (1990-91), 2-23.
2.84. Jami, Catherine. “Western
Influence and Chinese Tradition in an Eighteenth-Century Chinese Mathematical
Work”. Historia Mathematica 15 (1988), 311-331.
2.85. Jami, Catherine. “Rencontre
entre arithmétiques chinoise et occidentale au XVIIe siècle”. In Histoire
de fractions, fractions d’histoire. Edited by P. Benoit, K. Chemla, and
J. Ritter. Basel: Birkhäuser, 1992, 351-373.
2.86. Jami, Catherine. “Learning
the Mathematical Sciences in the Late Ming and Early Ch’ing”. In Education
and Society in Late Imperial China. Edited by B. Elman and A. Woodside.
Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994, 223-256.
2.87. Jami, Catherine. “L’empereur
Kangxi (1662-1722) et la diffusion des sciences occidentales en Chine”. In
Nombres, astres, plantes et viscères. Sept essais sur l’histoire des sciences
en Asie orientale. Edited by I. Ang, and P. E. Will. (Mémoires de l’Institut
des Hautes Etudes Chinoises, 35.) Paris: Collège de France, 1994, 193-209.
2.88. Jami, Catherine. “The
French Mission and Verbiest’s Scientific Legacy”. In Ferdinand Verbiest.
Jesuit Missionary, Scientist, Engineer and Diplomat. Edited by John Witek
S. J., Nettetal: Steyler Verlag, 1995, 531-542.
2.89. Qu Anjing. “On Hypotenuse
Diagrams in Ancient China”. Centaurus 39 (1997), 193-210.
The above and more via this link:
http://euclid.math.mcgill.ca/volkov/Reading.html
CHINESE REMAINDER THEOREM: the string
of pearls event
CHOIX: (Greek) papyri
Pap.Choix: Choix de papyrus
grecs: Essai de traitement automatique
Pap.Choix 5.: (Greek; AD 127; from THEADELPHIA)
http://perseus.csad.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus:text:1999.05.0232&query=line%3D%2327
CHREST.MITT.=[Greek] Grundzüge und Chrestomathie der Papyruskunde
http://perseus.csad.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.05.0007
See also DUKE; TEBTUNIS.
CHREST. WILCK.=[Greek] Grundzüge und Chrestomathie der
Papyruskunde
http://perseus.csad.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.05.0008
See also DUKE.
CHRISTEN SABINUS: (Greek) papyri
See UPPSALA; UPSALIENSIS
[O_036,rvw]
“Der fluch des Christen Sabinus, papyrus upsaliensis 8.”
Uppsala, 1938.
Translations of Greek papyri with blessings and curses by:
Bjorck, Gudmund, 1905-?
CLAUDIANUS: (Greek and Latin) ostraca
O. Claud.: (Greek)
http://perseus.csad.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.05.0020
See Mons CLAUDIANUS.
CLEPSYDRA: water clocks
See KLEPSYDRA; CLOCKS.
CLERE: Author
(as per [B_039]; Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert; Anastasi)
see IV RdE 7, 1950, 77.
[B_068,rvw] CATNYP# *OBO 94-9337, "Melanges
Jacques Jean Clere." France 1991.
From this series:
“Cahiers de recherches de l’Institut de papyrologie et d’Egyptologie
de Lille, 0153-5021 ; no 13.”
See MELANGES.
WATSONLINE search of CLERE yields P.
Nesmin. See NESMIN.
CLOCKS: keep on ticking - even though time is non
linear
See MELANGES.
See MATH PRIOR TO 1601.
See KLEPSYDRA
[B_539,8.5,SIBL]
Note Derek Price = Derek John de Solla Price [1922-1983]
A healthy distraction.
See HAMA; KESKINTO
CODEX: all unresolved or off my path
See MESOAMERICAN; TROANO
http://www.artnet.com/library/07/0701/T070120.ASP
medieval manuscripts and codices referenced here
Guidebook, §2(i): Byzantine empire and Western world, before c 1700
Codex Clementino see Vienna Codex
Codex Coner (London, Soane Mus.)
Bramante, Donato, §I, 3(ii)(a): Rome, 1500–14
Bramante, Donato, §II: Critical reception and posthumous reputation
Theatre, §III, 2(i)(a): Italy: Renaissance architecture
Codex Dioskurides (Vienna, Österreich. Nbib., Cod. med. gr. 1)
Anicia Juliana
Or, dig through here for more clues.
Codex Dorenberg see Codex Colombino
Codex Egberti (Trier, Stadtsbib., MS. 24)
Egbert
Germany, §III, 1(ii): Painting, before c 1400: Ottonian and Romanesque
Manuscript, §II, 1(i): Production and trade: Early medieval
Masters, anonymous, and monogrammists, §I: Master of the Registrum Gregorii
Ottonian art, §IV, 2(ii)(a): Manuscript painting, before c 1025
Reichenau, §2(ii): Oberzell: Painting
Trier, §2: Centre of manuscript production
Codex Franz Josefino see Codex Becker 1
Codex Geymüller (Florence, Uffizi, MSS 7792-7907 A
Sangallo, da: (2) Antonio da Sangallo (i)
Codex Gigas (Uppsala, Ubib.)
Habsburg, §I: (10) Rudolf II, §3: Collections
Codex Hammer
Coke: (1) Thomas Coke, 1st Earl of Leicester
Grand Tour, §III: The `Classic ground’, c 1700–62
Hammer, Armand
Codex Hieroglyphicorum Indiae Meridionales see Vienna Codex
Codex Huygens (New York, Pierpont Morgan Lib., MS. M. A. 1139)
Human proportion, §3: Architecture and cosmology
Varnav, Scarlat
Urbino, Carlo
Codex Ixtlilxochitl (Paris, Bib. N.)
Mesoamerica, Pre-Columbian, §IX, 10: Textiles and dress
Codex Kreichgauer see Vienna Codex
Codex Leicester (Holkam Hall, Norfolk Lib.)
David, Ludovico
Codex Leopoldino see Vienna Codex
Codex Magliabechiano (Florence, Bib. N. Cent., MS. Magl. XVII, 17)
Billi, Antonio
Filarete, §3: The Trattato di architettura
Francesco di Giorgio Martini, §1(ii): Architectural theory and writings
Magliabechiano, Anonimo
Codex Maimuni (Budapest, Lib. Hung. Acad. Sci., MS. A77/I-IV)
Maimonides manuscripts
Codex Mayer see Codex Fejéváry-Mayer
Codex Mendoza (Oxford, Bodleian Lib., MS. 3134, Arch. Selden A.1)
Fan, §VII: Pre-Columbian Americas
Flags and standards, §2: Vexilloid standards
Mesoamerica, Pre-Columbian, §I, 5: Craftspeople, artists and their patrons
Mesoamerica, Pre-Columbian, §IX, 4(ii): Masks: Chronological and regional development
Mesoamerica, Pre-Columbian, §IX, 6: Mosaic
Palace, §IX, 1: Pre-Columbian Mesoamerica
Codex Nuttall (London, BM, MS. 19023-8.1)
Mixtec, §2: Artistic traditions
Codex of S Marta (Naples, Stato, MS. 99. C.I.)
Felice, Matteo
Codex of Vlorë (Tiranë, State Archvs)
Albania, §III: Painting and graphic arts
Codex Palatinus Graecus (Rome, Vatican, Bib. Apostolica, Cod. P. Gr. 367)
Cyprus, §IV, 2: Lusignan and Venetian: Other arts
Codex Peresianus see Paris Codex
Codex Pérez see Paris Codex
Codex Pesth see Codex Fejérváry-Mayer
Codex Petrei (Florence, Bib. N. Cent., MS. Magl. XIII, 89)
Fabriczy, Cornelius von
Codex Pighianus (untraced)
Antiquaries and antiquarian societies, §1: 16th century and before
Codex Resta (Milan, Bib. Ambrosiana)
Cellini, Benvenuto, §I, 5: Last years in Florence, 1553–71
Codex Ríos (Rome, Vatican, Bib. Apostolica, MS. 3738)
Mesoamerica, Pre-Columbian, §I, 4(i): Religion and iconography: Cosmogonies
Codex Saussure see Codex Becker 1
Codex Sinopensis see GOSPEL BOOKS -> individual manuscripts -> Sinope Gospels
Codex Trivulziano (Milan, Castello Sforzesco)
Leonardo da Vinci, §I, 2: First Milanese period, c 1482–99
Codex Troana-Cortesianus see Madrid Codex
Codex Tro-Cortesianus see Madrid Codex
Codex Tzapotèque see Codex Becker 1
Codex Usserianus Primus (Dublin, Trinity Coll. Lib., MS. 55)
Insular art, §3: Manuscript illumination
Ireland, §III, 1: Painting and graphic arts, before 1600
Codex Vallardi (Paris, Louvre)
Pisanello, §1(ii): Later career, 1432–55
Codex Vaticanus 3773 see Codex Vaticanus B
Codex Vaticanus A see Codex Ríos
Codex Vienna see Vienna Codex
Codex Vindobonensis see Vienna Codex
Codex Zouche see Codex Nuttall
Códice Bodleiano see Codex Bodley
Códice Borgiano see Codex Borgia
Códice Cospiano see Codex Cospi
Códice de Bolonia see Codex Cospi
Códice del culto a Tonatiuh see Aubin Manuscript 20
Códice de Teozoneas see Aubin Manuscript 20
Códice di Bologna see Codex Cospi
Códice Fábrega see Codex Vaticanus B
Còdice Vaticano Rituale see Codex Vaticanus B
Dresden Codex (Dresden, Sächs. Landesbib., MS. R.310)
Erotic art, §I, 1: Ancient cultures
Egbert Codex see Codex Egberti
Fonds Mexicains 20 see Aubin Manuscript 20
Fulda Codex (Hannover, Niedersächs. Landesbib., Res. I. 189)
Ottonian art, §IV, 2(i): Manuscript painting: Introduction
Glazier Codex (New York, Pierpoint Morgan Lib., MS. G.67)
Coptic art, §IV, 3: Manuscript painting
Hidta Codex (Darmstadt, Hess. Landes- & Hochschbib., Cod. 1640)
Cologne, §II, 2: Art life and organization, AD 457–1200
Hippiatrika Codex (Berlin, Staatsbib. Preuss. Kultbes. Cod. Phillipps 1538)
Byzantine blossom
Jordánsky Codex (untraced)
Hungary, §IV, 2: Painting and graphic arts, c 1500–c 1800
Justinian Codex (Turin, Bib. N. U., MS. E.1.8)
Border, manuscript
Le Culte rendu au soleil see Aubin Manuscript 2
Liber Hieroglyphoricum Aegyptorum see Codex Laud
Libro della China see Codex Cospi
Liuthar Codex (Aachen, Domschatzkam.)
Saxony: (2) Otto II, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Germany
Lorsch Codex Aureus (Alba Iulia, Batthyaneum Lib; Rome, Vatican, Bib. Apostolica, MS. Pal. lat. 50)
Carolingian art, §IV, 3(ii): Manuscript painting, before c AD 850
Manasse Codex (Heidelberg, Ubib., MS. Pal. germ. 848)
Germany, §III, 1(iii): Painting, before c 1400: Early Gothic
Gothic, §IV, 5(viii): Painting: Holy Roman Empire, c 1300–c 1400
Switzerland, §III, 1(ii): Stained glass and manuscript illumination: Gothic period, before c 1500
Zurich, §2(i): Art life and organization, before c 1700
Manuscrit de Veletri see Codex Borgia
Manuscrit du cacique see Codex Becker 1
Mexicanus I see Vienna Codex
St George Codex (Rome, Vatican, Bib. Apostolica, Archv Capitolare S Pietro, MS. C. 129)
Masters, anonymous, and monogrammists, §I: Master of the Codex of St George
Stefaneschi
Virgil Codex (Florence, Bib. Riccardiana, MS. 492)
Apollonio di Giovanni
Vysehrad Codex (Prague, Libs Facs & Inst Charles U., MS. XIV. A.13)
Czech Republic, §IV, 1: Painting and graphic arts, before 1620
Czech Republic, §XI: Patronage
Premyslid
Weissenau Codex (Schloss Zeil)
Haider
Wolfegg Codex (Schloss Wolfegg, Fürstl. Samml.)
The Wolfegg Medieval Housebook presently comprises nine gatherings, each with four vellum sheets folded in two, making eight folia (recto and verso) or sixteen pages each, totaling sixty-three folia or 126 pages. The gatherings are attached by an arrangement of leather strips, tied and sewn, to a soft leather wrapper dating from the seventeenth century. The want of a proper binding suggests that the manuscript was not intended for a larger library, but served as a reference that could have been added to and updated. The treatise in the first gathering is in Latin; the rest of the texts are, for the most part, in a German -- sprinkled with Hebrew, Latin, and Italian -- that suggests an origin in that country's southern region.
COFFIN INSCRIPTIONS: BOTD
(as per E.A. Budge) Seek the coffins of:
AMAMU [OK]; ANTEF; Apa-Ankh (from Saqarra);
Heru-Hetep;
Menthu-hetep (at Berlin, Staatliche);
(a Queen of the XI Dynasty)
Sebek-Aa.
See also sarcophagus of Taka (XI or
XII Dynasty).
http://www.gwdg.de/~uhak/CTID/info.htm
See also BOTD; PYRAMID TEXTS
(as per EEF; D. Shelby)
Coffin Texts (p. 12, Faulkner) Spell
#12 says:
"the gods .. who remove the pestilence of the streams
so that you may drink water from them."
Utterance 518 (Faulkner p. 191, Line 1200-1201)
"May they let me eat of the fields and drink from the
pools within
the Field of Offerings".
See H. Willems’:
“The Coffin of Heqata
(Cairo JdE 36418)”
(as per G. Warnemuende; EEF)
COINS: magnificent metrologies
See NUMISMATISM
http://story.news.yahoo.com/news?tmpl=story&u=/ap/20020528/ap_wo_en_ge/egypt_antiquities_1
COL.: (Greek) papyri
See also COL.
TEETER; COLUMBIA.
(as per E. G. Turner)
1. P. Col. 123 = APOKRIMATA
See also APOKRIMATA and CAIRO
and ZENON.
See COLUMBIA; THEADELPHIA [B_468=O_038,rvw]
http://www.uni-koeln.de/phil-fak/ifa/NRWakademie/pap_Col.html
Including:
P. Koln
P. Ammon
P. Bub.
P. Bub. II 5
P. Colon. Theol 1
P. Petaus
P. Soterichos
P. Koln Agypt
P. Wash. Univ. II
COL. TEETER: (Greek; Christian) papyri
P.Col.Teeter: Ten Christian Papyri in the Columbia Collection
P.Col.Teeter 5. List Relating to Axles:
(Late Greek; from Oxyrhynchus?)
http://perseus.csad.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.05.0095
COLIN CAMPBELL: (Author); AE
ostraca;
math
Colin Campbell 1848-1931.
[B_007,8.5s]
(CATNYP# *OBN 94-4274) "Hieratic ostraca in the Hunterian
Museum, Glasgow", A.G.McDowell, 1993.
Little or no math except small accounts/receipts.
(as per Leiden Univ.)
See Ostraca 5, “the only document which seems to mention a price for water.”
[B_150,rvw] CATNYP# *OBKG
(Campbell, C. Miraculous birth of king
Amon-Hotep III),
“The Miraculous birth of king Amon-Hotep III, And Other Egyptian
Studies/ by Colin
Campbell”, 1912.
[B_151,rvw] CATNYP# *OBQ (Campbell, C. Two Theban
Princes),
“Two Theban Princes, Kha-em-Uast & Amen-Khepeshf, Sons of
Rameses III., Menna,
A Land-Steward, And..”. By Colin Campbell. 1910
With Photographs and drawings by C. Campbell.
[B_152,rvw] CATNYP# *OBL (Campbell, C. Two Theban Queens),
“Two Theban Queens, Nefert-Ari and Ty-Yi, And Their Tombs.” 1909.
COLL. YOUTIE: (primarily
Greek) papyrus collection
P.Coll.Youtie: Collectanea Papyrologica: Texts Published in Honor of H.C. Youtie
P.Coll.Youtie 1.7. Letter from Amadokos to Kléon: (Greek; 224 bce)
http://perseus.csad.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.05.0096
[B_466=O_035,rvw]
BOBST#
PA3316 .B6
“The Archive of Aurelius Isidorus in the Egyptian Museum, Cairo, and the University of Michigan (P. Cair. Isidor.) Edited by Arthur E. R. Boak [and] Herbert Chaim Youtie.”
Michigan, [1960].
Translations of Greek papyri from Karanis=Kom Aushim, see plates.
See AURELIUS ISODORUS; YOUTIE
COLOGNE: (Greek and Latin) papyri
See KOLNER; KOLN
COLONIENSIA: (Greek) papyri
(as per E. G. Turner) AKA P. Col. See Papyrologica Coloniensia.
See Part i, “Der Psalmenkommentar von Tura”, Quaternio IX,
ed. Aloys Kehl, Cologne 1965.
AKA P. COL?, See APOKRIMATA.
See the Ketouba [kettubah=marriage contract] de Cologne in:
Pap. Col. XII, 1986.
See PETAUS
[B_520=O_074,rvw]
CATNYP# *OBKQ (Arbeitagameinschaft fur Forschung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen. Wissenschaftliche Abhandlungen. Sonderreihe: Papyrologica coloniensa. V. 1)
“Der Psalmenkommentar von Tura, Quaternio IX (Pap. Colon. Theol. 1), herausgegeben, ubers. Und erlautert von Aloys Kehl.”
Koln, 1964.
BOBCAT# PJ1014 .P3 v.1
Commentaries on the Old Testament Psalms by DIDYMUS the Blind.
See plates.
COLT: (Author); (Greek) papyri
(as per E. G. Turner) AKA P. NESSANA.
P. Colt = Excavations at Nessana.
1. Vol. 1, Introductory Volume (pp.
259-62 contain summary by P. Mayerson of Colt
papyri relating to agriculture), ed. H. D. Colt.
London, 1962.
2. Vol 2, Literary Papyri, ed. L. Casson and E. L. Hettich.
Priceton, 1950.
3. Vol. 3, Non-Literary Papyri, ed. C. J. Kraemer, jr. Princeton,
1958.
COLUMBIA: University; collections; (Greek) papyri
See also COL.
P.Col.: Columbia Papyri
P.Col. 1.Inv480.: (Greek; 198 bce; from Arsinoite)
http://perseus.csad.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.05.0094
Some drachmas. Accounts.
See also RYLANDS; [B_093]
BOBST# PA 3305 .C64 1979
“Columbia Papyri VII :
fourth century [CE] documents from Karanis
/ transcribed by Roger S. Bagnall
and Naphtali Lewis ; edited with translation and commentary by Roger
S. Bagnall.”
Missoula, Mont., 1979.
Greek papyri. See illustrations.
From the series: “American Studies in papyrology.”
[B_487,rvw] CATNYP# JFE 00-15142
NO BOBST#?
“Columbia papyri IX : the Vestis militaris codex / edited with commentary by Jennifer A. Sheridan..”
Atlanta, Georgia, 1998.
Create new kywd
=From the series: ASP Volume 39.
On Roman Military accoutrements
COMPUTER: useful bits
http://www.computercorner.sunysb.edu/
for computer parts shopping and compatability concerns
shop for computer related goods
shop for the special portable suitcase-desk.
“and now to suit – our great computer – your magnetic ink.”
Moody Blues; on the threshold of a dream
As of 092402: I got a new dinosaur!
1 gig p3 w/512 meg sd100 ram
20+6 gigs of hard drives and a 48 12 40 cdrw with my old 40xplayer!
A shiny new HP 3570c scanner with hood mounted negative scanner.
New sound/video/netwk cards and a modem.
As of 072504: As above with DVD sony and DVD plextor burner
Roxio 6.0 rocks! Very fast.
081204: See Wnaspi.dll:
http://www.net-burner.com/LicenseASPIdll/dll.cfm
http://www.healthycomputerclub.com/Software/PCRescue/
http://6star.net/
for domain mgmt.
http://www.amatteroffax.com/realmain.asp
FOR RARE TONER CARTRIDGES ETC. CHEAP.
CONSTRUCTION: mi labore
(as per PLATO; [B_399])
See P. 441 of REPUBLIC IV:
“…I mean, for example, that the science of house-building is a kind of knowledge which is defined and distinguished from other kinds…”
[B_230,8.5,IMG] CATNYP#
*OBL (Clarke, S. Ancient Egyptian masonry)
“Ancient Egyptian masonry;
the building craft, by the late Somers Clarke and R. Engelbach.”
London, 1930.
Engelbach, Richard, 1888-1946, joint Author.
See also [B_230b,8.5,IMG]
“Ancient Egyptian Construction and Architecture.”
Points to the AKHMIM wood tablets on page 216!
I have copied much of this, anything about CUBITS.
Includes images and analysis of the TURIN/RAMSES IV papyrus and the nature of OBELISK work at the quarries; gutters; lighting schemes; SAQQARA saddle back flake; masonry general and specific.
Extensive analysis of all those damned oblique joints!
Use of boning rods.
Note that p. 216 footnotes led to the AKHMIM wood tablets images.
See images of chisels; mallets; boning rods; squares; plumbs;
brick moulds; palettes; pounding balls in dolerite; polishing stones; wedges
and rollers.
[B_230b,8.5,IMG] from
L. Bailey
Clark, Somers and R.
Englebach. “Egyptian Mathematics.”
In: Ancient Egyptian
Construction and Architecture.
NY, Dover, 1990. NO CATNYP.
http://www.ahram.org.eg/weekly/2001/524/eg5.htm#2
(as per G. Finkielsztejn and M. Gow at the Wilbour, see below)
[B_HOUSE; R_006;NO CATNYP]
“Measuring and Weighing
in Ancient Times.”
Published: Haifa, Israel,
2001 by the Reuben and Edith Hecht Museum.
See evidence that roofing tiles were standardized on the mold
from the Athenian Agora.
See Vitruvius (~50 BCE) Roman Architect.
Chorobates and Dioptra in De Architectura VIII, 5, 1.
Dioptra similar to modern theodolite.
See Plumb (bobs) called ANAKH
AKA ANAKU from the Akkadian for the
metal (tin or lead?)
See Bible: Mishkolet=weight=plumb?
II Kings 21: 13; Isaiah 28: 17.
See Bible: measuring rod=qene midah=kan?
See Roman regula=rod
See Bible: measuring line=qaw
See Wadi
al-‘Arrub.
See Mishnah: Metetulet=weight=plumb?
Mishnah Kelim 12, 8.
Levels mentioned in Isaiah and Proverbs:
Peles.
See also: sha’al; zeret; shalish.
Square: see Ezekiel 40: 47.
Meruba’at=foursquare?
Square=ravu’a?=Roman norma?
See the outline of the city [northern
Syria] of Sendjirli.
Enclosed by a polygon wall of 99 sides
Encompassing 400 dunams?
See Greek compass=Circinus=Pargal=Targol
(as per EEF; D. Hall and E. Moyer)
D. Hall wrote:
> a scene of men sawing through a rock block in Ancient
Egypt was published. It was also published
that harder stones were set in a saw blade to cut the limestone although I
have not seen pictures and am not sure of the setting of stone points in bronze
saws. <snip>
> The cutting and shaping of granite was more difficult
yet possible. Granite will chip when
hit with a hammer of stone and thus obelisks were chipped out of solid rock. A diamond is very hard and cannot be cut easily
but will split when hit with a sharp blow. The use of abrasives to drill through or to smoothen stone was also
known in ancient Egypt.
The following references are to Old Kingdom evidence:
Petrie in "The Pyramids and Temples of Gizeh" [B_130,rvw]
made remarks concerning sawing and drilling of both granite and
limestone. A summary of his statements
may be found at:
http://www.sunship.com/egypt/articles/petrie.html
Photographic examples of saw cuts may be found at:
http://www.sunship.com/egypt/articles/hrdfact2.html
Petrie and many other observers since have noted tube drilling
of granite.
Examples may be found at:
http://www.sunship.com/egypt/articles/hrdfact1.html
and
http://www.sunship.com/egypt/articles/cdunn.html
Please note that I [D. Hall] do not subscribe to Dunn's theories,
I merely cite this page because it includes informative photographs. The examples
of tube drilling at Aswan show that the AE were able to quarry the hardest rocks
with methods other than stone pounders.
Petrie also presented evidence to show that certain artifacts
could have
been cut only on rotating lathes. As he said:
"...the lathe appears to have been as familiar an instrument
in the fourth
dynasty, as it is in the modern workshops."
Examples of lathe work may be found at:
http://www.sunship.com/egypt/articles/hrdfact3.html
Other facts exist to show that the structures and artifacts
of the Old
Kingdom involved the use of techniques other than simple stone
and
copper tools. (I [D.
Hall] am not yet prepared to handle the suggestion of
abrasive-tipped saws and drills. Petrie expressed reservations
about
the suggestion, although it was the only idea he could devise.)
(as per EEF; D. Hall and E. Moyer and G. Johnson)
[G. Johnson]
> Sawing stone.
> While working with the Polish Egyptian Mission at Deir
el Bahari
> I photographed the Egyptian workmen, who were restoring
the temple
> pavement, cutting limestone blocks with regular steel
carpenter's saws.
> There is little doubt that limestone was as easily cut,
in ancient Egypt, by copper saws with quartz sand used as the cutting abrasive,
as with steel saws.
[E. Moyer]
Refer to my post to D. Hall (above).
One of the difficulties is the rate at which the ancient monuments
were
erected.
I. E. S. Edwards in “The Pyramids of Egypt”, Maragioglio and
Rinaldi in
“L'Architetture delle Piramidi Menfite”, and Mark Lehner in
“The Complete
Pyramids” all provided lists if structures that permit us to
calculate volumes.
Lehner was kind enough to calculate the individual pyramid
volumes in his list, pg 17. These lists do not include the tiny satellite
pyramids, nor the insignificant pyramids of Meroe.
Six IVth dynasty structures contain 75% of all Egyptian pyramid
volume.
The two great pyramids at Daschur and the two at Giza contain
2/3 of all
pyramid volume.
Petrie (1883) provided detailed measurements of the Khufu stone
courses.
If we assume [albeit incorrectly] the courses were held constant
thickness through each layer we can estimate the total number of stones.
I further assumed that the stones were oblongs with ratios of 1:1:2,
not cubes, an assumption that appears valid from available photographs.
The number of stones in Khufu then is approximately 4 million, not
the 2.3 million usually assumed. Using
similar criteria for the other IVth dynasty structures the estimated total
number of stones quarried and dressed is about 15 million over a span of 80
years from Sneferu through Khafre.
This is a stupendous number of stones. The stone rate per hour [of daylight] for eighty
years is about 40.
Whatever method we assume for the ancient Egyptians we must
accommodate such volumes.
(as per EEF; KYODO NEWS)
http://home.kyodo.co.jp/all/display.jsp?an=20011010103
Unrelated to my historical research, but fascinating, see this
pamphlet:
[B_HOUSE;NO CATNYP;filed with B_303;no reason]
“Agreement and working
rules between New York Electrical Contractors Association, Inc. and Local
Union No. 3 International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, AFL-CIO.”
June 11, 1998.
[B_HOUSE;NO CATNYP;filed with B_303;no reason]
“Copy of drawing A-1
from Sphera P.O.P, dated 2/28/01”
[B_HOUSE;NO CATNYP]
“Legal Guide to AIA
Documents” by Werner Sabo, 4th Edition.
Sabo & Zahn, Chicago
Illinois, pub. Aspen Law & Business a division of Aspen Publishers, Inc.,
1998.
See 2000 SUPPLEMENT.
[B_HOUSE;NO CATNYP]
“Legal Problem Solving
analysis, research and writing”
by Marjorie D. Rombauer,
American Casebook Series.
West Publishing Co.,
1983, 4th Edition.
[B_HOUSE;NO CATNYP]
“Mechanic’s Liens”
by Levin/Marcus.
“Reprinted from Publication
800, Warren’s Weed on the New York Law of Real Property, Volume 3, release
73, copyright 1994 by Matthew Bender & Company, Inc., 11 Penn Plaza, New
York, New York 10001.”
[B_HOUSE;NO CATNYP]
“Repair & Renovation
of Modern Buildings” by Ian Chandler, McGrawHill, 1992.
[B_HOUSE;NO CATNYP]
“Legalines Contracts
– Adaptable to [courses utilizing materials by] Murphy.”
Pub. Harcourt Brace
Javonovich, 1980.
[B_377,HOUSE,SIBL] CATNYP#*R-SIBL
HD57.7 .B69
“Get Everyone in Your
Boat Rowing in the Same Direction
/ 5 Leadership Principles
to Follow So Others Will Follow You.”
By Bob Boylan 1995;
pub.: Adams Marketing Corp.
Short and sweet.
[B_378,HOUSE;SIBL]
“IES LIGHTING HANDBOOK”,
1st Edition.
Pub. By the Illuminating
Engineering Society, 51 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 1947.
I have the first edition in HOUSE.
[B_360,HOUSE]
(MSJ sugg,*LP xmas 2001)
CATNYP# *OBL 90-1648
“Ancient Egyptian materials
and industries by A. [Alfred] Lucas.”
London, HISTORIES &
Mysteries of Man, reprint of 1962, 1989, 1999.
Alfred Lucas 1867-1945
[B_369,HOUSE;SIBL]
CATNYP# JSE 77-1067
“Standard Handbook
for Civil Engineers / Frederick S. Merritt. 2d ed.”
NY, McGraw-Hill, c.
1976.
[B_370,alt HOUSE;SIBL]
CATNYP# JSE 98-1087
“ISO 9000 quality systems
development : a systems engineering approach / David Hoyle.”
Oxford, 1998.”
See TL 9000 in HOUSE!
Evidence of AE construction prior to Saqqara’s Steppe Pyramid.
http://www.egyptrevealed.com/04o501-olderthandjoser.htm
[B_376,alt HOUSE]
CATNYP# D-17 6110
“New York State sales
and use tax law, with explanation; effective August 1, 1965.”
Chicago, 1965.
See Publication 862 (April 2001) supplement, in HOUSE!
See PETRIE
[B_397,IGNR,no copy]
CATNYP# *OBM+ (British
School of Archaeology in Egypt and Egyptian Research Account. [Publications]
[no. 63])
“Wisdom of the Egyptians.
With 128 figures. By Flinders Petrie, kt, …” London, 1940.
P.Berl.Zill.: Vierzehn Berliner griechische Papyri
P.Berl.Zill. 1. Fort construction in Hêrakleopolis:
(Greek; 156 bce; from Herakleopolis)
http://perseus.csad.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.05.0080
(as per EEF; Martina Ullmann; 010702) See:
R. und D. Klemm, Steine
und Steinbrüche im Alten Ägypten,
(as per EEF; F. Yurco)
In the Cairo Museum there is an Old Kingdom sarcophagus that was not
finished. On the backside which would be the bottom, a thick layer was
left, which the quarryers began to saw, and stopped before finishing
because
evidently part of the lid broke off. There is very clear evidence
saw I have no idea, unless it was sand, that derives from deteriorated
quartz. That would be harder than granite, though granite contains quartz
to some extent. So obviously in the Old Kingdom, the Egyptians were
(as per EEF; J. Legon)
http://www.geocities.com/unforbidden_geology/index.html
Re: diabase/dolerite/basalt debate;
The following quotes from Archae Solenhofen's website (above)
“Diabase is a fine-grained intrusive igneous rock of a composition
similar to basalt, but is slightly more coarse-grained than basalt...”
“The term diabase is the North American word for dolerite, which is
commonly used in Europe to describe the same rock type (in Europe
the term diabase sometimes refers to a weakly metamorphosed dolerite).
The diabase deposits of Egypt can also be called coarse-grained basalts
because of their fine grain size.”
See MODERN CONSTRUCTION
See UHN: P. 518 CONSTRUCTION/MECHANICS: Arab author Isma’il ibn al-Razzaz al-Jazzari, 1206 work on mechanics included water clocks camshafts crankshafts and automata..
See the link below for some interesting notes on [Ptolemaic] Egyptian furniture.
"Possible" turning [lathe work] is noted.
http://www.geocities.com/gpkillen/history.htm
(as per G. Reeder; EEF; 051403)
[See:] Temples of the Last Pharaohs. Dieter Arnold, Oxford, 1999.
(as per A. Eyma; EEF; 051403)
For those interested in the topic of experimental research on
ancient Egyptian techniques at large:
below the bibliography of Denys Stocks who has been researching,
manufacturing, testing, evaluating and publishing for over 25 years.
Stocks, D.A. 1982. The working of wood and stone in ancient Egypt: the
experimental manufacture and use of copper, bronze and stone tools.
Certificate in Egyptology dissertation, Department of Extra-Mural
Studies, University of Manchester.
1986a. Sticks and stones of Egyptian technology, Popular Archaeology
7(3): 24-29.
1986b. Stone vessel manufacture, Popular Archaeology 7 (4): 14-18.
1986c. Bead production in ancient Egypt, Popular Archaeology 7 (5):
2-7.
1986d. Tools of the ancient craftsman, Popular Archaeology 7 (6):
25-29.
1987. Experimental stone block fitting techniques: proposed use of a
replica ancient Egyptian tool, The Manchester Archaeological Bulletin
2:42-50.
1988a. A perforated circular stone artefact from the site at Arthill,
Cheshire, The Manchester Archaeological Bulletin 3: 14-20.
1988b. Industrial technology at Kahun and Gurob: experimental
manufacture and test of replica and reconstructed tools with indicated uses and
effects upon artefact production.
MPhil. thesis (number 13543), Faculty of Arts, University of Manchester.
1989a. Ancient factory mass-production techniques: indications of
large-scale stone bead manufacture during the Egyptian New Kingdom
Period, Antiquity 63: 526-531.
1989b. Indications of ancient Egyptian industrial interdependence:
preliminary statement, The Manchester Archaeological Bulletin 4: 21-26.
1993a. Making stone vessels in ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt,
Antiquity 67: 596-603.
1993b. Technology and the reed, The Manchester Archaeological
Bulletin 8:58-68.
1997. Derivation of ancient Egyptian faience core and glaze
materials, Antiquity 71: 179-182.
1999a. Stone vessels and bead making, in K.A. Bard (ed.),
Encyclopedia of the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt: 749-751. London: Routledge.
1999b. Stone sarcophagus manufacture in ancient Egypt, Antiquity 73:
918-922.
2000. Ancient Egyptian granite-working methods: new research, in
Manchester Ancient Egypt Society Newsletter December 2000.
2001a. Leather, in D.B. Redford (ed.), The Oxford Encyclopedia of
Ancient Egypt: II, 282-284. New York (NY): Oxford University Press.
2001b. Stoneworking, in D.B. Redford (ed.), The Oxford Encyclopedia
of Ancient Egypt: III, 324-327. New York (NY): Oxford University Press.
2001c. Tools, in D.B. Redford (ed.), The Oxford Encyclopedia of
Ancient Egypt: III, 442-445. New York (NY): Oxford University Press.
2001d. Testing ancient Egyptian granite-working methods in Aswan,
Upper Egypt, Antiquity 75: 89-94.
2001e. Two unusual stone vessels in the Cairo Museum. Internet Web
Site www.egyptvoyager.com/ 19th May 2001.
2001f. Roman stoneworking methods in the eastern desert of Egypt, in
N. J. Higham (ed.), Archaeology of the Roman Empire: A Tribute to the Life
and Works of Professor Barri Jones: 283-286. Oxford: Archaeopress. BAR
International Series 940.
2002. Technical and material interrelationships: implications for
social change in ancient Egypt, in Willeke Wendrich and Gerrit van der Kooij
(eds.), Moving Matters: Ethnoarchaeology in the Near East. Proceedings
of the International Seminar held at Cairo, 7-10 December 1998: 107-116.
Leiden: Research School of Asian, African, and Amerindian Studies
(CNWS), Universiteit Leiden, The Netherlands.
2002 Exhibition and demonstrations of ancient Egyptian craftworking
and technology in the Pharaonic Village, Cairo, in Manchester Ancient Egypt
Society Newsletter Spring 2002.
2002 Ancient Egyptian Craftworking and Technology Exhibition and
Demonstrations in the Pharaonic Village, Cairo. Internet Web Site
www.egyptvoyager.com/ Spring 2002.
2003 Immutable laws of friction: preparing and fitting stone blocks
into the Great Pyramid of Giza, Antiquity (Forthcoming).
2003 Experiments in Egyptian Archaeology: Stoneworking Technology in
Ancient Egypt (Forthcoming).
2003 Altering a landscape with a vengeance: possible cultural change
consequent upon constructing the Fourth Dynasty Giza pyramids, in S.
Campbell (ed.), Making Places in the Landscape. Oxford: Oxbow Books
(Forthcoming).
[images of AE
sawcuts on stone]
http://www.egyptarchive.co.uk/pix/eef/213.jpg
http://www.egyptarchive.co.uk/html/great_pyramid_24.html
http://www.egyptarchive.co.uk/pix/eef/285.jpg
http://www.egyptarchive.co.uk/pix/eef/286.jpg
http://www.egyptarchive.co.uk/pix/eef/287.jpg
(as per EEF; 070203;
A. Eyma)
Dear EEF members,
> So they would like to have a list of AE
architectural terms
> (that match Greek terms like pylon, hypostyle hall, temple, etc.)
> and their exact meaning.
Thanks to all who responded!
For those interested in the matter, here the results:
For AE terminology, notably
this lexicographical study was
recommended by subscribers:
SPENCER, Patricia, The Egyptian Temple. A Lexicographical Study,
London, Kegan Paul International, 1984
ISBN 0-7103-0065-4
as well as the lexicographical lists in vols. 2 (pp. 258-269) and 3
(pp. 524-530) of:
BADAWY, Alexander, A History of Egyptian Architecture. Vol. I - III
several publishers, 1954 -1968
And for AE architecture in general:
ARNOLD, Dieter. The Encyclopedia of Ancient Egyptian Architecture.
Princeton University Press, 2003/I.B. Tauris 2002/3
CURL, James Stevens. (Oxford) Dictionary of Architecture. Oxford,
1999.
J. Peter Phillips. The Columns of Egypt. Peartree Publishing
2002
On a somewhat related note - what is the evidence of "ritual sand"
in AE sanctuaries? Is this purely
based on archaeological deduction
(i.e. finding sandy floors in excavated temples) or is there also
textual evidence for it? And what could be the thought behind it?
kind regards,
Aayko Eyma
(as per EEF; 070803; A. Oppenheim)
See text by Salah el-Naggar,
Les voûtes dans l'architecture de l'Égypte ancienne, published
by
the Institut francais d'archéologie orientale.
[IFAO]
(as
per S. Whittet; EEF; 081903)
(as per EEF;
082303)
(predynastic) lathe work:
photo of this object on the following site:
http://www.sunship.com/egypt/articles/hrdfact3.html
with the comments:
http://www.geocities.com/TimesSquare/Alley/4482/EEFBBS.html
http://www.geocities.com/unforbidden_geology/Tomb_3111.html
http://www.asahi-net.or.jp/~PI4T-KMR/OOParts/ooparts22.html
(as per EEF; 082503) Stone technology:
http://www.sunship.com/egypt/articles/stonetech.html
http://www.megaliths.info/megaliths/schist/index.html
(as per EEF;
082903) Stone technology:
* NYTimes reports that Egyptian archaeologists have begun
cleaning and studying a major quarry at Assuan that yielded black
granite. Drawings of animals, and inscriptions with dates and
measurements of work orders, have been found, among which
an inscription from the 25th year of Tuthmosis III concerning
two obelisks for the temple at Karnak. The remains of seven
obelisks have been found in situ, and thousands of balls of
Nubian dolerite used "to pound slabs free from the
bedrock and put some finishing touches on the works."
http://www.nytimes.com/2003/08/26/science/26ASWA.html
[Site needs registration. The above summary covers most of it,
but if you want to read it, and don't want to register, just use
for both id and password: "eefeef". ]
Shortened version at:
http://www.iht.com/articles/107910.html
AIA: DOB:
Directive 14 – self certification
http://home.nyc.gov/html/oath/html/dec/02-190.html
http://www.planetaec.com/risk_mgmt/design_firms/aiadocs.pdf
http://www.wohlfarth.com/wohlfarth/Reports/NLspring2000.pdf
(As per K.
Sowada; EEF; 112703)
<snip> D. Grosser, R. Grunewald and B. Kreissl,
'Holz-ein Wichtiger Werkstaff im Alten Agypten', in S. Schoske (ed.),
<<Anch>> Blumen fur das Leben (Munich, 1992), 251-261.
This contains a discussion about the scientific analysis of timbers [Wood]
found in Egypt including, most usefully, a series of microscopic photographs
showing the structure of each timber species…[Sycamore, Tamarisk…]
[B_583,no
copy,IGNR]
CATNYP# *O-*OCM 89-539
“A Dictionary of ancient Near Eastern architecture /
Gwendolyn Leick ;
with illustrations by Francis J. Kirk.”
London, 1988
On the shelf at room 219.
* Art Burrows
has put some more (cp. EEFNEWS
345) illustrated
articles on woodworking in Ancient Egypt online (as PDF files); they
appeared in The Australian Woodworker magazine.
http://www.skillspublish.com.au/Egypt1.htm
Titles:
-- Ancient Egyptian Boat Building
-- Ancient Egyptian Woodworking
-- The Ubiquitous Adze
-- Did they really have the lathe
http://www.skillspublish.com.au/Did%20they%20really%20have%20the%20lathe.pdf
-- Workshops and the Palace
COPTIC: a living ghost
[B_445=Y_006,rvw text and commentary] SUMMIT# PJ2197 .B8 1977 V.1
“Coptic homilies in the dialect of Upper Egypt.”
[B_445]: CATNYP# *OCD (British Museum. Egyptian and Assyrian antiquities, Department of. Coptic homilies in the dialect)
Crum W. E.: Walter Ewing 1865-1944
[B_567,rvw]
CATNYP# *O-*OCA+ 86-1476
“A Coptic dictionary, compiled by W. E. Crum.“
Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1929-39.
CORN: (Greek) papyri
See CORNELL; See
HIBEH; [O_008,8.5,IMG]
CORNELL: (Greek) papyri from University of
AKA P. CORN.
(as per E. G. Turner) “Greek Papyri in the Library of Cornell University”, ed. W. L. Westermann and C. J.
Kraemer, jr. NY, 1926.
P.Corn. 1. Record of Lamp Oil Assigned to the Retinue of Apollônios:
(Greek; 256 bce; from Philadelphia)
http://perseus.csad.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.05.0097
Many accounts; fractions (moria)*
Pursue and determine presence of any ligatures for non unit fractions.
CORNELL:
math texts online
CORNUCOPIA: of Museum links in the United Kingdom
http://www.cornucopia.org.uk/peopleAZ/qpeople.html
COWLEY: (Demotic?) papyrus
Egyptian papyrus from about 300 B.C. (Cowley, papyrus 81), which may refer to an object similar to these silver scrolls.
http://christiannewstoday.com/Oldest_Scrolls_Ever_Found_FS.html
See JEWS.
CPR: (Greek)
=Corpus Papyrorum Raineri
http://perseus.csad.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.05.0009
See also DUKE; STUD. PAL.
See RAINER.
CRUM: (Author); (Greek and Coptic) Ostraca; papyri
Walter Ewing Crum 1865-1944.
[B_152,rvw] CATNYP# *OBM+(MMAEE),
“The Monastery
of Epiphanius at Thebes.” NY, 1926.
Includes plates and maps. Ostraca and Papyri.
(as per
ZPE, D. Fowler) Seek Coptic
Calculation Material.
Ostraca Crum 480 (poorly read in 1902).
Published by Strasbourg Bibliotheque
Coptic (math) divisions of n/31.
See W. Brashear, “Quisquiliae”, BASC 26 (1984) 19-22.
See Jews and Christians
in Egypt; the Jewish troubles in Alexandria and the Athanasian controversy.
Illustrated by texts from Greek papyri in the British Museum Edited by H.
Idris Bell. With three Coptic texts, edited by W. E. Crum.
Published: Westport, Conn., Greenwood
Press [1972].
CUBIT (ROD): nbj=rod?
See also: GNOMON; METROLOGY; SEKED; HEBREW CUBITS!
See also: REALLEXIKON.
Pursue: W.F. Petrie,
Gizeh (Giza)
survey. Math.
(as per AEMT) The standard unit, as seen in (Kahun wood cubit), Petrie Museum UC 16747.
[B_001_House]
CATNYP# *OBK 94-2555
"Mathematics in
the Time of the Pharaohs.”
New York, Dover, 1972,
softcover.
See pg. 220, for an image of the
Cubit
of King Amenhotep
I.
This cubit seems to be a decorative reproduction and not useful as a tool for measurement. (Note the errant divisions of fifths of a finger.)
Also at the Science Library.
See a review of this work by T. G. H. James in JEA 61 (1975):
p. 260-262
[B_House,NO
CATNYP]
See “Three Cubits
Compared” by M. St. John, London, 2000.
A comparison of the (Turin) Amenemipt Cubit ~1300 BCE.;
(Note the errant divisions of fifths of a finger.)
(Paris 1) Maya Cubit ~1300 BCE.;
and (Paris 2) Cubit which may be a modern reproduction,
made ~1830 CE.
Study the Protector gods of the tomb of Senmut,
Four Sons of Khenty-irti:
[Khenty-irti is a god with a cult center
at Khem (Letopolis).]
Haqu (Haw).
Iriemowa (He who behaves as a thief).
Maanitef (He who looks at his father).
[note that this loosely resembles the Torah/Noah/Ham story]
Irerenefdjesef (He who made his own name).
Seek [B_149] work by Richard Lepsius below.
See page 26; Tafel 1 (a)..
[B_149,8.5,ALL,IMG,SIBL]
Not found in Catnyp
computer records.
Instead use old catalog; volume 430, page 483.
CATNYP#
VBDB “Die Alt-Aegyptische Elle und Ihre Eintheilung”,
Koniglichen Akademie
der Wissenschaften (Berlin, 1865). by Richard Lepsius.
This rare text is only available at
the NYPL Science Library.
Sadly, I report plate one is absent.
Plate One shows a possible/conceptual cubit reconstruction in which:
A: Fingers 1-16 are equal to .01875 meters.
16 x .01875 = .3 meters
A = .525/28
B: Fingers 17-24 are equal to .0171875 meters.
8 x .0171875 = .1375 meters
B=(11/12) A
C:
Fingers 25-28 are equal to .021875
meters
4 x .021875 = .0875 meters.
C = (7/6) A
Total of conceptual/reconstructed cubit
= .525 meters
This cubit does not survive close scrutiny but LEPSIUS’s considerations are worthy of more study.
The Lepsius text [B_149] includes reproductions from rubbings and
sketches of a dozen known cubits!
A new English tr. was prepared for publication by M. St. John,
and J. Degreef [January, 2001]. See
[B_279].
As this is important to me,
I worked to assist in this publication by researching and preparing accurate footnotes. (Which is not what Lepsius had done)
Parts of the following list were a preparation for the translated
bibliography supplement or endnotes.
(as per
AEB, 93.0946)
[B_188,8.5,IMG,PRCHS] CATNYP# *OBK+
94-6611,
Roik,
Elke, "Das Langenmasssystem im Alten Agypten", (1993).
A review of AE
math and Narmer Palette proportions
and the THINITE WADJI STELA.
Reference to these texts (Find them!):
Der erste EllenmeBstab wurde 1822 gefunden. (Drovetti-Elle gennant. M. A. Pochan: “L’enigme de
la Grande Pyramide, BIE [?], Kairo, 1933, 280).
ZAS 42, 1905, 27.
P. Leiden Amonyshymnus.
Said to be a hymn about NILOMETERS!
Note ZAS 42 is listed, found at the NYPL on microfilm only. See [B_608].
P. Lachau, H. Chevrier, Une Chapelle de Sesostris I, Kairo,
1956.
This text [B_188] includes a reduced copy of Plate one from Lepsius “Elle”.
Info on SENMUT ostracon. (#’s: 62, 69, 73, 75, 76.)
See p. 44 for transcription of Ostrakon Osireion 1, Abydos.
Detailed proportion studies. Art grids.
(as per AEB, 91/2.2062, [B_298]) Victor, Naguib, "The Rod (nbj)
and Its Use in Egyptian Architecture, GM 121 (1991). Compares
1 rod = 1 1/3 royal
cubits.
Analysis by rod unit of tomb M43 at el-Hawawish.
[B_298,MISC,8.5]
CATNYP# *OBH 88-1131 Heft 84- ORIENTAL DIV.
“Gottinger Miszellen.”,
Gottingen, 1972-present?
Victor, Naguib, "The
Rod (nbj)
and Its Use in Egyptian Architecture,
GM 121 (1991). Pages 101-110. Based loosely
on approximation and conjecture and the tombs of El-Hawawish.
See also
GM 124 (1991)
P69-111 includes:
p.
69, J. A. R. Legon’s “The Giza Site Plan Revisited.”
Introducing the sq root of TWO
and/or 3 into the [grand master] site plan.
p. 79, H. Pitlik’s
“Baustelle Cheops-Pyramide. Hohere Mathematik – oder nurein Stuck Schnur.”
Introducing the sqd=skd=seked
and astronomical/pi considerations.
p.
91, J. J. Janssen’s “Rations with Riddles.”
On: wages; hekats, oipe, khar, Metrology.
p.
99, A. Spalinger’s “Suggestive Calculations”
On: wages and again as per the above by Janssen, focused on
Gardiner ostracon : 262 and IFAO 1406.
(as per AEB, 96.0953, [B_297])
Legon, John, "The Quest for the true nbj measure", DE 36, (1996).
Interpretation of the SENENMUT Ostraca. See DE [B_297].
(as per AEB, 95.1155) Rousseau, Jean, "Metrologie et coudee", DE 33 (1995), p 115-121. Metrology review.
See also Torah; Concordances.
(as per M. St. John).
[B_167,8.5,DAM.
IMG,SIBL] CATNYP# 3-VBDB
(Queipo,
V.V. Essai sur les systemes metriques et monetaires)
“Essai sur les systemes
metriques et monetaires des anciens peuples depuis le premier temps historiques
jusqu’a la fin du Khalifat d’Orient.” Paris 1859.
This four volume work is only available
at the Science Library.
See volume one, info about the Paris 2 cubit.
The single plate from this volume was torn and not found.
See p. 6-9, 44-49.
The double cubit (basalt or wood?) of 14 palms is described (lengths).
(as per M.
St. John).
[B_166,NO
CUBIT IMG]
CATNYP#
*OBKM+++(Sharpe, S. Egyptian Inscriptions)
“Egyptian Inscriptions from the British Museum and other sources.
By
Samuel Sharpe.”, London 1837-1841.
Note: S. Sharpe 1799-1881.
I found no images of cubits in volumes one or two, bound together.
The NYPL does not have the other volumes (three and four).
Lepsius refers to v. 2 plate 46. No cubit here.
See [R_003,similar to B_166,IMG] below.
[R_003,similar
to B_166,IMG]
I found a different
edition by the same title at the Wilbour Library.
Edward
Moxon published this as two separate volumes in London, 1853.
Volume two
sold for ten shillings!
Plate 46
shows a cubit measuring 20.675 inches,
divided into 28 [unequal] fingers.
(as per M. St. John) Pursue two other cubits at Turin.
The [2?] Cubits of Cha.
(as per RIV)
See “reperito Schiaparetti [Schiaparelli!] nella tomba di Cha”.
Dynasty XVIII, ~1500 BCE.
(as per M. St. John) Pursue another cubit possibly at the MMA.
(as per [B_180]) See Cubit MMA# 41.160.102, work by N. Scott.
Left end (looking at bevel) matches C. Coll. P. 3.
(as per M. St. John) Pursue a double folding cubit at the British Museum, dated to Horemheb’s reign. See below HARMHAB?
(as per R.
Lepsius) A double
folding cubit of 14 palms total length of:
1.048982
meters. At the British Museum.
(as per G.
Oaten) Examine this text, “Historical Metrology”
by Algernon
Edward Berriman, London, 1953.
[B_165,IMG,SIBL] CATNYP# VBDB (Berriman, A.E. Historical Metrology).
Includes image of the HARMHAB Cubit. See p. 75-76.
Found at Memphis, housed at Turin.
See work by Jomard from 1822. See Jomard.
Jomard was a mathematician with Napoleon’s expedition.
Note: This (Harmhab) is the Turin cubit of Amenemipt (or very similar).
Image of stone jar on inside cover, capacity 8+1/6 Hin.
Image of decapitated statue of Gudea with cubit, (Chaldean?)
See Reallexikon; Cubit; Rule of Gudea
Governor of Lagash ~2175 BCE. P. 5.
Image of Chaldean 30 mina (swan) weight from reign of Biblical Chaldean ruler, Merodach-Baladin.
Date his reign? P. 8.
See p. 18 for a demonstration of estimating the Earth’s circumference.
See p. 74 reference to two cubits:
1. inscribed Tutenkhamen
2. his wife Onkhesamen
Pursue images from the Petrie Collection.
See the following [Original French!]
work referred to by Hussey (1836):
“Memoires sur l’Egypte pendant les
Campagnes du General Buonaparte.”
By Denon,
Vivant. See Denon.
See v. 2, p. 32, 279. See same volume
p. 93; p. 183.
See p. 93 images of two glyph inscribed (AE?) measuring cups.
See p. 183 for image of the Oxford Prism, Sumerian King list.
Looks like a good source of Biblical dates. Cuneiform.
(as per A. E. Berriman) Pursue cubit info in Petrie’s works:
1. “Inductive Metrology”, 1877.
2.
“Ancient Weights and Measures”, 1926. [B_187].
3. “Wisdom of
the Egyptians”, 1940.
[B_397].
See Petrie.
[B_169,IGNR,NO
IMG] CATNYP# *OBLF (Yeates, T. Dissertation);
“Dissertation on the
antiquity, origin, and design of the principal Pyramids of Egypt, particularly…and
the probable determination of the ancient Hebrew and Egyptian cubit. Also
on the original form and measure of the Ark of Noah.”
London, 1833.
T. Yeates
suggests 1656 pre-deluvian years.
I verified count, 1656 is correct. See Genesis. Torah
A square
(Noah’s) Ark (see drawing) of unusual concept.
Various disputable
Cubit truths.
[B_170,IGNR,NO
IMG,MSTCL] CATNYP# *OBLF 84-1689, “Key to the Hebrew-Egyptian
mystery in the source of measures originating the British inch and the ancient
cubit…/ By J. Ralston
Skinner.” San Diego, 1982.
J.R. Skinner also mentions 1656 pre-deluvian years.
He considers that the 150 days after the flood to leaving the Ark is a correction for Noah’s 600 years of life. (150 leap years.)
Skinner mentions that a cubit is 1.717666 feet.
So a cubit = 20.611992 inches.
This is larger than I expected.
Much Cabalistic math discussed.
He notes that the North face of a Gizeh Pyramid lies at exactly 30 degrees latitude. Please verify, see work by Dennis Rawlins, see Metrology.
(as per G. Oaten.) Pursue text with image of (pieces of) Paris Cubit No 2.:
"Nouveaux
aperçus sur les «coudées votives»”, in:
[B_180a,8.5,CUBIT
FRAG IMG,MAPS,MISC.] CATNYP# *OBQ+ 73-2731 t.
82, “Hommages Serge Sauneron, Cairo, 1979, v. 1, p. 322. By ZIVIE, Alain-Pierre.
Zivie discusses
many extant cubits:
C. Chapelle blanche NK.
C. Amenophis III.
This cubit
fragment found at Tounah [el Gebel]
(Musee de
Mellawi)
See MDAIK 24, 131. Plate XVIII, Gabra.
C. Osorkon = (Caire 31/12/22/2) (Karnak)
See Schlott, plate XVII.
See MDAIK 28, plate XXIV.
C. Coll Paris. 1 is from reign of
Merenptah
=Maya’s Cubit=7
palms in wood.
See RdE 29, p. 218-220.
C. Coll Paris. 2 with cartouche of
Nectanabo I.
C. Coll Paris. 2 is missing 4 left fingers. Damaged.
C. Coll Paris.
2 found at:
Pharbaetos
(Horbeit) or (Kom Abou Yassine).
=C. Nectanebo
I=7 palms in wood.
See “Supra”,
p. 322, fig. 2.
See image
plate XLIX, [B_180].
C. Nectanebo II. (Caire 31/12/22/1+fragments)
(Karnak)
See BIFAO 71, p. 188, fig. 5.
C. Coll Paris. 3= fragments found
at Hermopolis d’Ibis.
See “Supra”,
p. 325, fig. 3.
See BSFE 79, 1977, 22-41, Zivie.
See image
plate L, [B_180].
C. Univ. Coll Petrie (London) Basalt
or schist, from 3rd intermediate period.
No. 16374 as per Petrie’s “Weights
and Measures”. [B_187].
Plate XXVI, 3.
See also Schlott, “Die ausmasse”, Plate XXIII.
This is not the Kahun wood cubit.
C. MMA.
41.160.102, a small fragment.
Found at Mendes?
See N. Scott, “BMMA”.,“NSI”, 1942/43, 74.
See Schlott, Die Ausmasse, pl. XXIV.
C. MMA.
25.7.41, a small fragment.
C. Berlin (Staatliche?) # 7358. Fragment.
C. Br. Mus. 67777, a small fragment.
C. Caire 31/12/22/5, a small fragment.
A cubit found at Heliopolis, one
of five now at Turin.
(as per E. Iversen; [B_203])
See Turin #6348
See six cubits from Tuts tomb.
A cubit at the British Museum #36656,
See Lepsius, [B_149].
(also as per [B_180], Zivie)
See A. [Schwab-] Schlott, “Die Ausmasse
Aegyptens nach altegyptischen Texten”, Tubingen, 1969. MDAIK 28, 1972, 109-113.
See also: Gabra, MDAIK 24, 1969, p. 129-135.
See also: A.P. Zivie, BIFAO 71, 1972, p. 181-188.
See also: RdE 29, 1977, 215-223.
See also: BIFAO 73, 1973, p. 27-40
(as per G.
Oaten) See also Cahiers de Karnak, 10 (1995), cubit review.
[B_183=R_001,NO IMG]
CATNYP# *OBH 84-2512,
“Cahiers de Karnak”,
“Quelques reflexions
sur les unites de mesure utilisees en architecture a l’epoque pharaohnique.”
By Jean Francois Carlotti.
*This text, volume 10, is only available
at:
The Wilbour Library at the
Brooklyn Museum
(verified 12/27/00).
See charts.
This text includes representations
of fractional cubit number (unit) names.
Double palme, Poing, Sandale, Main,
Palme, Demi-sandale, Doigt, Coudee royale, Coudee-remen, Coudee sacree, Grand
empan, Petit empan..
(as per the above) See “MaBe und
Gewichte”, LA III, 1980, col 1199-1209,
by W. Helck. See LEX.
LA=From Lepsius' Abklat
collection in the Berlin Museum.
See also MDAIK 46, 1990. p. 113-?
Cubit analysis
by G. Oaten.
http://users.net2000.com.au/~fmetrol/
(as per G. Oaten) Seek “La Rivista” AKA RIV [or “La Rivista RIV 11”] from
the Turin Museum in Italy. Mai 1961.
This magazine [R_004;IMG;CUBIT;file with
B_149] was found at the Wilbour Library.
Thanks to
M. St. John for the detailed translation.
See the RIV
cubit I and II.
I - Wooden [acacia] Cubit, Suppl. N.8391,
of Cha. XVIII dynasty.
Not inscribed! Folding two cubits. Metallic coupling [hinged].
Notes on the discovery in:
Schiaparelli’s “Account of the Work and Results Achieved by the Archaelogical Mission in Egypt – The Intact Tomb of the architect Cha”
[Schiaparelli, G. Giovanni 1835-1910] See TORAH
II - Cubit in gold plate [wrapped
wooden], recovered in the grave of Cha.
Suppl. N. 8647. XVIII dynasty.
Mentions Amenhotep II.
III - Wooden cubit [Drovetti collection],
N. 6347. XIX dynasty
In honor of the deceased Amenemope.
IV – Bronze [Drovetti collection],
N. 6349.
V - Basalt [Drovetti collection],
N. 6348.
[R_004,magazine,HOUSE
(MSJ);file with B_149]
The cover of this magazine dated
May 1961, shows a device used to examine and measure the cubits of Turin Museum.
See the detailed article by Dino Senigalliesi.
Info on Turin [cubit] 6348, 523.8 mm.
An outline from a 1961 study of 5 Turin cubits. NO CATNYP.
This text gives unit names (Italian):
Dito, due dita, tre dita, palmo, mano, due palmi, spanna piccola, spanna reale, piede, remen, cubito piccola, cubito reale.
[B_172,8.5,NO
IMG] CATNYP# VBA p.v. 568, “Le systeme metrique actuel
d’Egypte compare au systeme francais, les nilometres tant anciens que modernes
et les antiques coudees de l’Egypte. Par Mahmoud bey [of Tunis], Copenhagen,
1872.
A cubit measuring 530 mm. Interpreted
from the Elephantine Nilometer.
A similar cubit from the Edfou Nilometer.
A similar (longer) cubit from the Island of Rodah.
(across from Cairo)
See Rodah.
The above text at the Science Library.
[B_173,8.5,NO
IMG] CATNYP# VBA p.v. 276, “Etude de metrologie lineaire;
origine scientifique des deux coudees egyptiennes de six et de sept palmes.
Relations des pieds egyptien, grec, italique, romain de Goudea et d’Eratosthene
avec la coudee egyptienne de six palmes et vingt-quatre doigts. Par Paul Faure..”
Paris, 1909.
Note this text is inscribed (by hand with a quill pen): “a Monsieur P. Pierret, Sincere hommage, P. Faure. 32, rue du Dragon.”
Brief analysis of units by comparison and inspection of Greek buildings. Parthenon, Theseion, Erechtheion, Delphes, (temple of) Paestum and (temple of) Vista a Tivoli.
See this link by J. Legon about the nbj cubic measure.
http://www.legon.demon.co.uk/nbj.htm
(as per W. Muss-Arnolt) See J. Oppert in:
L’etalon des mesures assyriennes fixe par les textes cuneiformes:
JA 6th S., XX (’72), 157-77, & 7th S.
IV (O-N ’74) 417-86; cf ib. 7th S. VI 42; G. F. Smith in ZAS (’72) 109 ff; GGA (’78) 1041.
My forearm measures 18”
My handsbreadth (span) 9”
My palm (width) ~4”
One Bruce cubit = two spans = 4.5 palms
Not particularly useful info.
[B_203,NO IMG,8.5]
CATNYP# MABB+ (Iversen, E. Canon and Proportions in Egyptian Art)
“Canon and Proportions
in Egyptian Art”
London, Sidgwick and
Jackson, 1955.
(See copies forwarded by E. Garner).
[B_203,NO IMG,8.5]
(as per E. Garner) My copies are from the later second revision.
Warminster, 1975. (Available at Wilbour).
[B_401,8.5,E. Garner]
CATNYP# *O-*OBK 01-5249
The Oxford Encylopedia
of Ancient Egypt, edited by Donald B. Redford, 2001, Volume two.
(as per E. Garner) Some general notes
on AE math and cubits.
OEAE=The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt by Donald B. Redford. Oxford University Press, 2001.
See also: [B_312]
See CHAMPOLLION.
See CELSUS.
See BULLETIN DES SCIENCES.
See [B_028].
[N_001=R_007,RLIN
notes to file with B_149;CUBIT IMG]
“Memoria sopra di un
cubito marmoreo [MARBLE] della raccolta di monumenti Egizj ora esistente in
Firenze [Florence], di proprieta del signor Nizzoli cancelliere dell’I.R.
consolato Austriaco in Egitto.”
Milan: R. Instituto
lombardo di scienze e lettere, 1824.
[only a small 20 page pamphlet with one large folded plate]
This pamphlet was found at the Wilbour
Library 4/17/02.
This can be found at Universities of; Pennsylvania; Michigan, Minnesota and Florida. Possibly also at
the Petrie Museum in London.
(as per M. St. John)
First published in BIBLIOTECA
ITALIANA, anno 9, tome 33,
pages 45-59. See additional notes from M. St. John, below.
[B_149; filed with].
Then published as a 20 page pamphlet.
(as per M. St. John)
“Biblioteca Italiana
di Milano”. No. XCVII. XCVIII, 1824. p. 45:
Di un cubito marmoreo egizio della raccolta del Sig. Gius.
Nizzoli, cancelliere del consul. Austriaco in Egitto.
Includes comparison of two cubits:
A. The Drovetti cubit with the errant 4 divisions of finger
thirds. ~500mm
B. The Nizzoli cubit, seemingly better crafted. ~450mm
[B_236a,8.5,IMG, also at Wilbour (1977 reprint,
Geneva)]
CATNYP# *OBKG+++(Rosellini,
I., I monumenti dell’ Egitto e della Nubia)
“I
monumenti dell’ Egitto e della Nubia …”
Pisa,
1832-44.
Two BIG volumes.
Volume one: “Monumenti storici”
Volume two: “Monumenti civili”
Rosellini, Ippolito, 1800-1843.
A reference from [B_149] to an image with hand glyphs.
See volume two, plate
XXXIII. Harvesting wheat?
See Metrology.
[B_236b,IGNR,no copy]
CATNYP# *OBKG (Rosellini, I., I monumenti dell’ Egitto e della Nubia) (Locked
cage)
“I monumenti dell’ Egitto e della Nubia disegnati dalla spedizione scientifico-letteraria toscana in Egitto; distribuiti in ordine di materie, interpretati ed illust
